Freud, Sigmund, Civilization and its Discontents, Wilder Publications 2010 'Newly designed in a uniform format, each new paperback in the Standard Edition [of Freud] opens with a biographical essay on Freud's life and work—along with a note on the individual volume (Peter Gay, Sterling Professor of History at Yale )  
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Hallett, Michael, Cantorian Set Theory and Limitation of Size, Oxford UP 1984 Jacket: 'This book will be of use to a wide audience, from beginning students of set theory (who can gain from it a sense of how the subject reached its present form), to mathematical set theorists (who will find an expert guide to the early literature), and for anyone concerned with the philosophy of mathematics (who will be interested by the extensive and perceptive discussion of the set concept).' Daniel Isaacson. 
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Misner, Charles W, and Kip S Thorne, John Archibald Wheeler, Gravitation, Freeman 1973 Jacket: 'Einstein's description of gravitation as curvature of spacetime led directly to that greatest of all predictions of his theory, that the universe itself is dynamic. Physics still has far to go to come to terms with this amazing fact and what it means for man and his relation to the universe. John Archibald Wheeler. . . . this is a book on Einstein's theory of gravity. . . . ' 
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Park, David Allen, Introduction to the Quantum Theory, McGraw-Hill Book Company 1992  
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Polanyi, Michael, and Amaryta Sen (foreword), The Tacit Dimension, University Of Chicago Press 1966, 2009 Amazon product description: '“I shall reconsider human knowledge by starting from the fact that we can know more than we can tell,” writes Michael Polanyi, whose work paved the way for the likes of Thomas Kuhn and Karl Popper. The Tacit Dimension argues that tacit knowledge—tradition, inherited practices, implied values, and prejudgments—is a crucial part of scientific knowledge. Back in print for a new generation of students and scholars, this volume challenges the assumption that skepticism, rather than established belief, lies at the heart of scientific discovery.' 
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Prigogine, Ilya, and Isabelle Stengers, Order Out of Chaos: Man's New Dialogue with Nature, Bantam 1984 Foreword: 'Order Out of Chaos is a brilliant, demanding, dazzling book -- challenging for all and richly rewarding for the attentive reader. It is a book to study, to savour, to reread -- and to question yet again. It places science and humanity back in a world where ceteris paribus is a myth -- a world in which other things are seldom held steady, equal or unchanging. In short it projects science into today's revolutionary world of instability, disequilibrium and turbulence. In so doing, it serves the highest creative function -- it helps us create fresh order.' Alvin Toffler, xxvi 
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Adam Taylor, Is environmental destruction a crime against humanity. The ICC may be about to find out, 'Global Diligence, an international criminal law firm that lodged a case with the court accusing Cambodia's ruling elite of land grabs that saw as many as 350,000 people evicted, was among those welcoming the news. "The systemic crimes committed under the guise of ‘development’ are no less damaging to victims than many wartime atrocities," Richard Rogers, a partner in the firm, said in a statement. "The ICC Prosecutor has sent a clear message that such offences may amount to crimes against humanity and can no longer be tolerated.” ' back

Alex Reilly, Australia is in danger of being swamped by Muslims. The numbers tll a different story, 'According to the 2011 census, Muslims make up just 2.2% of the Australian population. The Australian Bureau of Statistics, which runs the Census, says the 2011 Census data show that:. . . The most common non-Christian religions in 2011 were Buddhism (accounting for 2.5% of the population), Islam (2.2%) and Hinduism (1.3%). Of these, Hinduism had experienced the fastest growth since 2006.' back

Amanda Taub, How Countries Like the Philippines Fall Into Vigilante Violence, 'But social scientists who study extrajudicial killings say the real story is more complicated, and more tragic. It is often the affected communities themselves that unwittingly help create the circumstances for this violence. It tends to begin, the research suggests, with a weak state and a population desperate for security. Short-term incentives push everyone to bad decisions that culminate in violence that, once it has reached a level as bloody as that in the Philippines, can be nearly impossible to stop.' back

Andrew Higgins, In Expanding Russian Influence, Faith Combines With Firepower, 'While tanks and artillery have been Russia’s weapons of choice to project its power into neighboring Ukraine and Georgia, Mr. Putin has also mobilized faith to expand the country’s reach and influence. A fervent foe of homosexuality and any attempt to put individual rights above those of family, community or nation, the Russian Orthodox Church helps project Russia as the natural ally of all those who pine for a more secure, illiberal world free from the tradition-crushing rush of globalization, multiculturalism and women’s and gay rights.' back

Andrew Hopkins, Drilling in the Bight: has BP learnt the right lessons from its Gulf of Mexico blowout?, 'BP claims to have learnt the lessons from the Gulf of Mexico incident, and to have incorporated them in its drilling plan for the Bight (as outlined in section 6 of its environmental overview). However, the lessons it refers to are drawn from its own report on the accident, which dealt primarily with technical issues rather than the underpinning organisational factors. Other major reports and commentary have identified a range of organisational failures that contributed to the blowout. BP has not shown that it has learnt these bigger lessons.' back

Anthony the Great - Wikipedia, Anthony the Great - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'Saint Anthony . . . was a Christian monk from Egypt, revered since his death as a saint. He is distinguished from other saints named Anthony by various epithets: Anthony the Great, Anthony of Egypt, Anthony the Abbot, Anthony of the Desert, Anthony the Anchorite, and Anthony of Thebes. For his importance among the Desert Fathers and to all later Christian monasticism, he is also known as the Father of All Monks.' back

Aquinas, Summa, I II, 2, 8, Does man's happiness consist in the vision of the divine essence?, 'Respondeo dicendum quod impossibile est beatitudinem hominis esse in aliquo bono creato. Beatitudo enim est bonum perfectum, quod totaliter quietat appetitum, alioquin non esset ultimus finis, si adhuc restaret aliquid appetendum. Obiectum autem voluntatis, quae est appetitus humanus, est universale bonum; sicut obiectum intellectus est universale verum. Ex quo patet quod nihil potest quietare voluntatem hominis, nisi bonum universale. Quod non invenitur in aliquo creato, sed solum in Deo, quia omnis creatura habet bonitatem participatam. Unde solus Deus voluntatem hominis implere potest; secundum quod dicitur in Psalmo CII, qui replet in bonis desiderium tuum. In solo igitur Deo beatitudo hominis consistit. back

Beatrix Campbell, the scale of sexual abuse in the UK is a catastrophe. We need catharsis, 'There are millions of us – survivors and professionals and their advocates – waiting, waiting, waiting for recognition and respect and the opportunity to participate in a cultural revolution. Goddard has suggested there should be a complete review of the inquiry she has quit, “with a view to remodelling it and recalibrating its emphasis more towards current events and thus focusing major attention on the present and future protection of children”. But to abandon the excavation of the past because it is too big and too hard – as Goddard seems to suggest – is to demand that we commit collective amnesia. It would mean “giving up on a better past” – in Herman’s phrase – for the millions who will suffer in the future.' back

Ben Brantley, Edward Albee: A Playwright Who Saw the Minotaur Inside All of Us, back

Beyonce, Feeling Myself, back

Brian McNair, The democratic paradox, 'But something else is becoming evermore visible, which I will call the democratic paradox. A book of that name published in 2000 by Belgian political theorist Chantal Mouffe observed: On one side we have the liberal tradition constituted by the rule of law, the defence of human rights and the respect of individual liberty; on the other the democratic tradition whose main ideas are those of equality, identity between governing and governed and popular sovereignty. There is no necessary relation between those two distinct traditions but only a contingent historical articulation.' back

Cantor-Dedekind axiom - Wikipedia, Cantor-Dedekind axiom - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'In mathematical logic, the phrase Cantor–Dedekind axiom has been used to describe the thesis that the real numbers are order-isomorphic to the linear continuum of geometry. In other words, the axiom states that there is a one to one correspondence between real numbers and points on a line. This axiom is the cornerstone of analytic geometry. The Cartesian coordinate system developed by René Descartes implicitly assumes this axiom by blending the distinct concepts of real number system with the geometric line or plane into a conceptual metaphor.' back

Colleen Lewis, When political self-interest decides donation rules, what chance reform in the public interest?, 'If the issues raised here signify the best Australia’s federal politicians can do to reform political donations, the public interest is in peril. The electorate and media need to maintain pressure for meaningful reform, and every reform politicians put forward needs to be motivated solely by the desire to enhance the public interest. In any well-functioning democracy, the public interest must always take precedence over personal and party interests.' back

Criticism of the theory of relativity - Wikipedia, Criticism of the theory of relativity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'Criticism of the theory of relativity of Albert Einstein was mainly expressed in the early years after its publication in the early twentieth century, on scientific, pseudoscientific, philosophical, or ideological bases.Though some of these criticisms had the support of reputable scientists, Einstein's theory of relativity is now accepted by the scientific community. Reasons for criticism of the theory of relativity have included alternative theories, rejection of the abstract-mathematical method, and alleged errors of the theory. . . . There are still some critics of relativity today, but their opinions are not shared by the majority in the scientific community.' back

David Brooks, The Avalanche of Distrust, 'I’m beginning to think this whole sordid campaign is being blown along by an acrid gust of distrust. The two main candidates, Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump, are remarkably distrustful. They have set the modern standards for withholding information — his not releasing tax and health records, her not holding regular news conferences or quickly disclosing her pneumonia diagnosis. Both have a problem with spontaneous, reciprocal communication with a hint of vulnerability.' back

Dusko Pavlovic and Catherine Meadows, Actor-network procedures: Modelling multi-factorial authentication, device pairing, social interactions, 'Abstract. As computation spreads from computers to networks of compute rs, and migrates into cyberspace, it ceases to be globally programmable, but it remains programmable ind irectly and partially: network com- putations cannot be controlled, but they can be steered by imposin g local constraints on network nodes. The tasks of ”programming” global behaviors through local const raints belong to the area of security . The “program particles” that assure that a system of local interactio ns leads towards some desired global goals are called security protocols . They are the software connectors of modern, world wide softwa re systems. As computation spreads beyond cyberspace, into physical and so cial spaces, new security tasks and prob- lems arise. As computer networks are extended by nodes with phys ical sensors and controllers, including the humans, and interlaced with social networks, the engineering conc epts and techniques of computer security blend with the social processes of security, that evolved since the dawn of mankind. These new connectors for computational and social software require a new “discipline of p rogramming” of global behaviors through local constraints. Since the new discipline seems to be emerging from a combination of established models of security protocols with older methods of procedural programm ing, we use the name procedures for these new connectors, that generalize protocols. In the present paper we propose actor-networks as a formal model of computation in heterogenous net- works of computers, humans and their devices, where these new p rocedures run; and we introduce Procedure Derivation Logic (PDL) as a framework for reasoning about security in actor-netw orks. On the way, we survey the guiding ideas of Protocol Derivation Logic (also PDL) that evolved through our work in security in last 10 years. Both formalisms are geared towards graphic reaso ning and, ultimately, tool support. We illustrate their workings by analysing a popular form of two-factor a uthentication, and a multi-channel device pairing procedure, devised for this occasion.' back

E. J. Dionne Jr, Moral equivalence and Donald Trump, 'Donald Trump’s suggestion that the former KGB agent who presides over a corrupt and authoritarian regime in Russia is a better leader than the president of the United States ought to invite far more Republican condemnation than it has received. Trump’s apologia for Vladimir Putin is morally and philosophically ghastly.' back

E.J. Dionne Jr, Obama asks the right question on Trump: 'Huh?', 'Even Donald Trump is capable of posing interesting questions, and he asked one of this election’s most important when he declared: “What the hell do you have to lose?” He was specifically addressing his query to African Americans, but it’s something all Americans should think about. And the latest report on incomes released Tuesday by the Census Bureau suggests that the vast majority of Americans, including African Americans, have a great deal to lose if the progress the country has made since we began our recovery from the Great Recession is endangered by a candidate whose policies are, depending on the day, quite radical, entirely unpredictable or simply incoherent.' back

Emily Borrow, How Two Producers of 'Transparent' Made Their Own Lives More Visible, 'They are both 33 and around the same height, but Ernst appears slighter. Wearing light brown pants, bright white Reeboks and a diamond stud in his right ear, he explained that he and Drucker have backgrounds in “auto-­ethnography,” which he defined as “the practice of creating self-­reflexive work, or work that reflected my community.” This, he said, was a guiding impulse for the photographs in “Relationship.” ' back

Game - Wikipedia, Game - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'A game is structured playing, usually undertaken for enjoyment and sometimes used as an educational tool. Games are distinct from work, which is usually carried out for remuneration, and from art, which is more often an expression of aesthetic or ideological elements. . . . Key components of games are goals, rules, challenge, and interaction. Games generally involve mental or physical stimulation, and often both. Many games help develop practical skills, serve as a form of exercise, or otherwise perform an educational, simulational, or psychological role.' back

Gordon Campbell, Empedocles (c. 492—432 B.C.E.) (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy), 'Empedocles (of Acagras in Sicily) was a philosopher and poet: one of the most important of the philosophers working before Socrates (the Presocratics), and a poet of outstanding ability and of great influence upon later poets such as Lucretius. His works On Nature and Purifications . . . exist in more than 150 fragments. He has been regarded variously as a materialist physicist, a shamanic magician, a mystical theologian, a healer, a democratic politician, a living god, and a fraud.' back

Hayley Phelan, Please Enjoy Some DGAF Business, Style and Sex Advice From Diane von Furstenberg, '"People always ask me, If you met the girl that you were then what would you tell her? I was always so irritated when people asked me that because, I really didn't know what to say because I would probably do the same thing because I'm the same person. But now I have an answer, and it only hit me a few months ago: have a business plan." ' back

Civilization and Its Discontents - Wikipedia, Civilization and Its Discontents - Wikipedia, the fre encyclopedia, Civilization and Its Discontents is a book by Sigmund Freud. Written in 1929, and first published in German in 1930 as Das Unbehagen in der Kultur ("The Uneasiness in Civilization"). It is considered one of Freud's most important and widely read works. . . In this seminal book, Sigmund Freud enumerates what he sees as the fundamental tensions between civilization and the individual. The primary friction, he asserts, stems from the individual's quest for instinctive freedom and civilization's contrary demand for conformity and repression of instincts.' back

James E.M. Watson et al, Catastrophic Declines in Wilderness Areas Undermine Global Environment Targets, 'Watson et al. discover that the Earth’s wilderness areas are disappearing at a rate that has significantly outpaced their protection over the past two decades. Despite their ecological, climatological, and cultural importance, wilderness areas are ignored in multilateral environmental agreements, highlighting the need for urgent global policy attention.' [Current Biology 26 , 1–6, November 7, 2016] back

James Watson, Bill Laurance, Brendan Macke, James Allan, Theworld's carbon stores are going up in smoke with vanishing wilderness, 'The Earth’s last intact wilderness areas are shrinking dramatically. In a recently published paper we showed that the world has lost 3.3 million square kilometres of wilderness (around 10% of the total wilderness area) since 1993. Hardest hit were South America, which has experienced a 30% wilderness loss, and Africa, which has lost 14%.' back

John Rodden and John P. Rossi, A Book More Equal Than Others, ' [Commonweal's] editors and contributors neither anathematized Orwell nor sprinkled him with holy water. Instead they simply gave him the respect they thought he deserved, welcoming his support for the cause of liberal democracy and intellectual freedom without soft-peddling his hostility to Catholic Christianity. He was, in Commonweal’s judgment, a skeptical humanist from whom American Catholics could learn a great deal. On the seventieth anniversary of Animal Farm’s appearance in the United States, that verdict warrants reaffirmation.' back

Jonathan Sheehan, Teaching Calvin in California, 'In my history of Christianity course, we read a number of challenging writers. Each one I ask students to read with as much sympathy, charity and critical perspective as they can muster. But nothing outrages them — not the writings of Augustine or Erasmus or Luther — more than two or three pages of John Calvin. Calvin was the most influential religious reformer of the 16th century. His theological imagination and organizational genius prepared the way for almost all forms of American Protestantism, from the Presbyterians to the Methodists to the Baptists. He was also a severe and uncompromising thinker. The Ayatollah of Geneva, some have called him.' back

Kevin Brophy, On the life of an adjective, 'Adjectives have always been out there, mobs of them pressing on the outside walls, their faces against the windows, their shoulders at the doors. They just want to be inside close to all the nouns that have gathered indoors over the years.' back

Mark Beeson, Soft power and the institutionalisation of influence, 'Australia’s relationship with the US, especially its critically important strategic dimension, is institutionalised at the highest levels of government. The annual Australia-US Ministerial Consultations (AUSMIN) talks, originally established by the Hawke government, are the quintessential example of this process.' back

Matthew 10:29, Divine providence, '29 Are not two sparrows sold for a penny? Yet not one of them will fall to the ground apart from the will of your Father.' back

Matthew 5:38, Turn the other cheek, '38 You have heard that it was said, ‘Eye for eye and tooth for tooth.’ 39 But I tell you not to resist an evil person. If someone slaps you on your right cheek, turn to him the other also; … ' back

Max Fisher, Another Cease-Fire in Syria? It Could Mattter, Even if It Fails, 'Two Notre Dame political scientists, Madhav Joshi and J. Michael Quinn, last year published a study examining 196 cease-fires and peace deals from 1975 to 2011. They found something surprising: One of the best predictors of a peace agreement’s success is simply whether the parties had prior agreements, even if those earlier cease-fires failed. Not even a war’s duration or its intensity can so reliably predict a peace deal’s outcome. Neither does the poverty or ethnic diversity of the combatants. “Failures pave the way for better agreements down the road,” Professor Quinn said.' back

Max Fisher, Obama, Acknowledging U.S. Misdeeds Abroad, Quietly Reframes American Power, 'WASHINGTON — It would have seemed surprising from any other president, but has become practically routine for President Obama in his final year in office: acknowledging the United States’ unsavory history in a country he was visiting. This week, it was the C.I.A.-led bombing and paramilitary campaign that devastated Laos during the Vietnam War. While the president stopped short of apologizing, he was, in his words, “acknowledging the suffering and sacrifices on all sides of that conflict.” ' back

Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics - Wikipedia, Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'In statistical mechanics, Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics describes the statistical distribution of material particles over various energy states in thermal equilibrium, when the temperature is high enough and density is low enough to render quantum effects negligible.' back

Michael Colborne, Russia revives Sovoet-era psychiatric punishment: Crimean Tartars, dissenters suffer, 'The resurgent Soviet-era practice of punitive psychiatry has shut away a number of dissenters and activists who have dared to speak out against the Russian government. In 2012, opposition activist Mikhail Kosenko took part in mass protests against Russian President Vladimir Putin's inauguration for a third term, the so-called Bolotnaya Square protests. He was soon arrested, convicted and confined to a psychiatric hospital for eight months in a verdict human rights campaigners warned was a return to the well-documented Soviet-era practice.' back

Michael Gordon, Revealed: the cost of stopping the boats put at $9.6 billion, 'The cost of stopping the boats has been calculated at more than $9.6 billion since 2013, and will be another $5.7 billion over the next four years, according to a study by Save the Children and UNICEF. The study estimates the cost of keeping around 2000 asylum seekers and refugees on Manus Island and Nauru at $400,000 per person, compared with just $33,000 for those on bridging visas in the Australian community.' back

Michael Slezak, Oil disaster invstigator alarmed by BP Great Australian Bight response, 'A leading global expert on oil disasters has said the response to concerns about potentially faulty equipment in offshore drilling planned for the Great Australian Bight by BP is an early warning sign of problems that could potentially lead to disasters. Bob Bea, an emeritus professor and founder of the center for catastrophic risk management at Berkeley, said what BP, its subcontractor Diamond Offshore Drilling and the Australian regulator had said in response to concerns about faulty bolts was “very alarming”.' back

Mohmmad Javad Zarif, Let Us Rid the World of Wahabism, 'Over the past three decades, Riyadh has spent tens of billions of dollars exporting Wahhabism through thousands of mosques and madrasas across the world. From Asia to Africa, from Europe to the Americas, this theological perversion has wrought havoc. As one former extremist in Kosovo told The Times, “The Saudis completely changed Islam here with their money.” '˜ back

Peter Kornbluh, Why the Obama administration is giving state secrets to Latin American allies, 'Alongside the traditional instruments of statecraft, the Obama administration has developed an entirely new tool: declassifying decades-old secrets of state to share with other governments and their societies. President Obama has used this declassification diplomacy to mend fences with other countries, advance the cause of human rights and even redress the dark history of Washington’s support for repression abroad. Allies are grateful and historians are delighted. And given the depth and range of still-secret U.S. Cold War records, declassified diplomacy has the potential to go much, much further.'
Peter Kornbluh is a senior analyst at the National Security Archive and the author of “The Pinochet File: A Declassified Dossier on Atrocity and Accountability.” back

Rain - Wikipedia, Rain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'Rain is liquid water in the form of droplets that have condensed from atmospheric water vapor and then precipitated—that is, become heavy enough to fall under gravity. Rain is a major component of the water cycle and is responsible for depositing most of the fresh water on the Earth. It provides suitable conditions for many types of ecosystems, as well as water for hydroelectric power plants and crop irrigation.' back

Robert Mickens, Letter from Rome: A Slain Priest, a Martyr, a Saint?, 'It’s very likely that the bold and thundering words he used at Fr. Hamel’s memorial Mass in Rome will find their way into that final document. “How I wish that all religious confessions would say that killing in the name of God is satanic,” Francis said at the liturgy. You can bet that he and his Vatican aides will be pushing for this denunciation to be in the final message.' back

Semon Frank Thompson, What I Learned From Executing Two Men, 'Regardless of their crimes, the fact that I was now to be personally involved in their executions forced me into a deeper reckoning with my feelings about capital punishment. After much contemplation, I became convinced that, on a moral level, life was either hallowed or it wasn’t. And I wanted it to be.' back

Soap bubble - Wikipedia, Soap bubble - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'A soap bubble is an extremely thin film of soapy water enclosing air that forms a hollow sphere with an iridescent surface. Soap bubbles usually last for only a few seconds before bursting, either on their own or on contact with another object. They are often used for children's enjoyment, but they are also used in artistic performances. Assembling several bubbles results in a foam.' back

Thomas de Aquino, De ente et essentia (Corpus Thomisticum), 'Prooemium Quia parvus error in principio magnus est in fine, secundum philosophum in I caeli et mundi, ens autem et essentia sunt quae primo intellectu concipiuntur, ut dicit Avicenna in principio suae metaphysicae, ideo ne ex eorum ignorantia errare contingat, ad horum difficultatem aperiendam dicendum est quid nomine essentiae et entis significetur et quomodo in diversis inveniatur et quomodo se habeat ad intentiones logicas, scilicet genus, speciem et differentiam. . . . ' back

Thomas L Friedman, Donald Trump's Putin Crush, 'When it comes to rebutting Donald Trump’s idiotic observation that Vladimir Putin is a strong leader — “far more than our president has been a leader” — it is hard to top the assessment of Russian-born Garry Kasparov, the former world chess champion, which The Times’s Andrew Higgins quoted in his story from Moscow: “Vladimir Putin is a strong leader in the same way that arsenic is a strong drink. Praising a brutal K.G.B. dictator, especially as preferable to a democratically elected U.S. president, whether you like Obama or hate him, is despicable and dangerous.” ' back

Tim Wallace, Oceans Are Absorbing Almost All of the Globe's Excess Heat, 'Heat Accumulates in the Oceans Since 1955, more than 90 percent of the excess heat retained by the Earth as a result of increased greenhouse gases has been absorbed by the oceans, leaving ocean scientists like Eric Leuliette at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration feeling that 90 percent of the climate change story is being ignored.' back

Timothy W. Jones, Breaking news: marriage has very little to do with religion (and vice versa), 'Australia has a long tradition of secular government, and also of toleration of different religious traditions. That includes those regarding marriage. This tradition of difference and tolerance was summarised last week by Australia’s most senior Anglican, Archbishop Philip Freier. Writing to all Australian bishops about the proposed marriage plebiscite, he said the church should accept marriage equality if it comes into law: We can still stand for and offer holy matrimony between a man and a woman as a sacred ordinance given by God, while accepting that the state has endorsed a wider view of marriage.' back

Tracy Chevalier, 'Writing is a magic trick that still surprises me when I put pen to paper', 'But what is going on when my pen is scratching, pausing, scratching? I am performing a magic trick that still surprises me. I am in this world, at my desk or kitchen table, but I am simultaneously holding in my head another world full of people I have never physically met but know to their core. That world and those people pour out through my pen: rough – often very rough – but insistent.' back

Wetting - Wikipedia, Wetting - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'Wetting is the ability of a liquid to maintain contact with a solid surface, resulting from intermolecular interactions when the two are brought together. The degree of wetting (wettability) is determined by a force balance between adhesive and cohesive forces. Wetting deals with the three phases of materials: gas, liquid, and solid.' back