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vol VII: Notes

2018

Notes

Sunday 18 November 2018 - Saturday 24 November 2018

[Notebook: DB 82: Life and Death]

[page 343]

Sunday 18 November 2018

The evolution of William James. Trying to bring about a paradigm change from the Platonic spirit to the corporeal world finishing up with the pragmatic conclusion that all information is physical so there are no mental changes without physical changes and vice versa. Richardson: William James: In the Maelstrom of American Modernism

Bob Spitz: Reagan [Trump I?] Bob Spitz: Reagan: An American Journey

There is really nothing I want to do more than what I am doing.

Apologia pro philosophia sua. Now that I have got a sort of job being a student, I also get holidays. After I get my results for this year and finish my paradise essay I may be lucky enough to get some money from my parents and go overseas for six weeks or so. I am teetering on the edge of thinking that I know something and being exposed as a fraud, but taking a line from Boy Erased I will fake it until I make it. I also want to write an apologia for my philosophy professors this semester to make up for my low marks. Boy Erased - Wikipedia

Monday 19 November

Consciousness: I touch myself.

[page 344]

Philosophy: an argument requires positions that substantially agree with a bit of rounding here and there to reach an agreed conclusion. I find myself in a position where I feel that what I am being asked to argue for a substantially wrong, so it is necessary to take a broader view to find some common ground, and in the matter of mind and morality, which is equivalent to a theory of everything, that is a theology, the only position to take is cosmological, outlining the growth of mind from being as such (per se) to our present state. Mind, wish to argue, is a consequence of consistency and consistency, as seen through the formal eyes of mathematics, has three legs: Cantor's proof that tells us that consistency leads to transfinity; Gödel's proof, that says that consistency leads to incompleteness; and Turing's proof that says that consistency leads to incomputability. The upshot of these three theorems is evolution by natural selection. Cantor: Contributions to the Founding of the Theory of Transfinite Numbers , Kurt Goedel 1: On formally undecidable propositions of Principia Mathematica and related systems, I, Alan Turing: On Computable Numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem

Goldwater, Cicero, Spitz: ' "I remind you, that extremism in the defense of liberty is no vice. And let me remind you that moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue." '

I am pleased to see that cognitive science and the philosophy of mind have taken up the network paradigm, but they have completely overlooked the inherent intelligence of networks, which is to eliminate contradictions, the basic function of natural selection. If you do not fit in, ie if you contradict or are not consistent with your environment, you are out, and this, I feel, is the reason that philosophy of mind as it has been taught is doomed because it is not consistent with reality, ignoring Gödel's theorem and [the consequent] principle of requisite variety]. Gregory J. Chaitin: Gödel's Theorem and Information, Ashby: An Introduction to Cybernetics

Tuesday 20 November 2018

I am old enough now to have some taste of life and how to deal with it and see two streams flowing in parallel linked by evolution: business and science. Business is the front line application of survival of the fit; science provides us with science of the rule book by which fitness is decided. These two strands reflect personal and social concerns and from a statistical point of view reflect the law of one and the law of large numbers. The one must survive in the context of the many, directing resources toward itself which may be achieved either by contributing to the many or taking from it, or in practice a [statistical] superposition of both. This superposition is reflected in the tension between fairness and hypocrisy which informs much political judgement.

Salmond: 'Medea, Hippolytus and Aristophanes comedies seemingly demonstrate that the cloistering of Athenian women did not result from a male assumption that they were unintelligent or weak. On the contrary it reflects a belief in a vicious cycle where the subjugation of women made them intent on revenge, making it as social necessity to oppress them further.' Paul Salmond: Guide to the classics: Euripides' Medea and her terrible revenge against the patriarchy

A point is a quantum of action, a [frozen?] process represented by computer, with an input and an output, a source, a person.

What is the relationship between form and

[page 346]

motion? Plato and Aristotle more or less agree with modern formalist mathematicians that form is eternal, outside time. These sentences are an example of form and though they are laid down by my moving pen once written they do not change. In time I will copy this paper notebook into electronic form and post it to the internet where it will remain as long as the servers remain intact and the hosting bill is paid. Aristotle introduced dynamics into his physics by devising the duality of matter and form, proposing that matter could support different forms and the essence of change was to put a new form into old matter, forging s sword into a ploughshare. These days we have replaced inert matter with lively energy. Aristotle needed the first unmoved mover to change the forms of matter from one to another. Now we say that energy can take different forms and more or less does the work itself [the whole world becomes the unmoved mover]. The universe, we believe, began with an enormous amount of energy which first formed fundamental particles which have subsequently coalesced into the enormous array of complex forms in the universe which have been sifted through natural selection to give us the present world. This is rather better than the Hebrew story that dimly proposes that the creator made everything in a few days but does not quite suit my agenda which is to find a route from a god of pure act, analogous to the unmoved mover, to the world as we now have it. According to tradition god is not only pure act but eternal and immutable, so the first step seems to be from eternal and immutable act to energy and dynamics. Here we see something of the universe of fixed point theory, moving from

[page 347]

fixed points to dynamics rather than from dynamics to fixed points and the idea, as I see it, is to imagine that the eternal universe of pure act bifurcates into potential and kinetic energy and we identify form and fixedness wth the potential and dynamics and action with the kinetic energy, so attributing real but static energy to form. This idea is slightly consistent with the Lagrangian approach to dynamics, which now requires a bit of elucidation [one can devise a computational algorithm without knowing what it means, an example of the gap between syntax and semantics].

I have had trouble with form, energy and time ever since I first read Aristotle in about 1964, and do want to resolve it now. We have some fixed points:

1. conservation of action = ? angular momentum [spin, motion 'on the spot']
2. conservation of energy
3. conservation of momentum

We have a playground space-time, which transforms the same was as momentum-energy.

We have the Lagrangian which is the difference between potential and kinetic energy and we have action which is the time integral of the Lagrangian and the principle of extremal action [Hamilton's principle] which determines the form of dynamics. Finally we have the various fixed point-theorems, the fixed velocity of light and many other fixed properties derived from Hamilton's principle. Mix this all up and . . . Lagrangian - Wikipedia, Hamilton's principle - Wikipedia

We begin with the Feynman idea that the energy of the universe is zero so PE + KE = 0 at all times. Here we are helped by the fact that in quantum mechanics, through linear superposition, only energy differences, measured in frequency, count. So where do we begin the story — E = hf. Feynman: Feynman Lectures on Gravitation [page 348]

But if PE = form, its frequency is zero. So? A change of potential means a change of frequency, ie here PE is changed into KE, same as falling meteorite approaching Earth, E = mgh.

The devil is in the details so I can always take the philosophical approach and retreat to generalities but that does not carry much weight. The general theory triumphed because it appeared mathematically self-evident and gives perfect results. I am looking for something like this but have got only bits and pieces after fifty years. Perhaps I should get closer to physics and mould the trinity into fermions and bosons and move from there to space-time, turning the spin-statistics theorem around to explain the space-time rather than using space-time to explain spin statistics. Spin-statistics theorem - Wikipedia

Mass = potential = form = 'inert' energy, or energy measuring process encapsulated in a particle which may be a point like an electron whose inertial process is prior to space-time [but mass energy is visible to quantum mechanics and gravitation.]

Wednesday 21 November 2018

The strategy is to stick to the physical data while making a new interpretation the centrepiece of which is the notion that quantum mechanics describes a network that grows and propagates itself by an interplay and mass and energy ie particles and fields. Maybe Auyang is my best

[page 349]

source. So near yet so far, like the invention of the wheel. Auyang: How is Quantum Field Theory Possible?

What I need to establish is the order of emergence of the fixed points beginning with the completely simple God and followed by the first couple of steps which might be Father → Son (= potential / kinetic) then (Father + Son) → Spirit = fermion fermion / boson. Somewhere here we find time → space, 1D space to 3D space. Velocity of light. Velocity is a fixed point relative to acceleration. So quantum of action, h, c How do these relate? Can we learn anything from the classical dimensions M, L, T, or should we establish a new basis h, c?

Perhaps we should say that fermions create space by insisting that no two of them can exist in the same spatial state, whereas any number of bosons can exist in the same state [a point here being that the physicists simple assume the existence of space-time, whereas I like to see it as the emergent dynamic foundation of the whole universe and explain where it comes from and why momentum-energy transforms in the same way as space-time].

The fixed points carry the same amount of information as the dynamics, so we can imagine a codec (differential equation) transforming one into the other [as a pendulum does]. Computer software is in effect a differential equation, an algorithm which can be instantiated in a infinity of ways, a symmetry with infinite breakages.

Spitz page 628: Negotiation = work ie force.distance, bringing opinions into harmony, the probability of success being inversely proportional to the distance between them as measured (eg) by the overlap integral (dot product) in quantum measurements. Born rule - Wikipedia

[page 350]

A peace initiative - the Google map of money.

A field is a potential driving particles, ie excited field. How does this fit into the story? A field is a function whose domain is space-time and range is the probability of creating or annihilating particles coupled to the field. Where does the field come from?

Peacock: Peacock: Cosmological Physics

Thursday 22 November 2018

We can use the mathematics industry to model the relationship between words (formalism) and people (dynamics), ie genotype and phenotype, drawing the analogy by the backbone (or keel) principle of symmetry with respect to complexity. So we have a recursive application of fixed point theory, the fixed points in the mathematics industry being both the universal minds of the mathematicians and the theorems that these minds emit, ie a theorem is a logically consistent particle, logical consistency being the symmetry that underlies the symmetry with respect to complexity. The principal property of being is consistency. To be is to be consistent.

Space accounts for the simultaneous existence of p and not-p.

[page 351]

A consistent theorem requires that p and not-p do not exist simultaneously, so that it does not occupy space. A theorem, in other words [viewed as a whole] is a point [its representation, however, requires a space of symbols, ie a message].

How does my mind work? I have written a few paragraphs about the Shield of the Trinity, its contradictions and the postulation of space to enable the simultaneous existence of p and not-p, the foundation of complexification. This has been a breakthrough idea for a long time and I have put it in writing a few times. Now I am happy with it and see it as a foundation for future work, but have come to a standstill. So I wonder what is going on in my mind to digest this idea and when will the urge to write on emerge? Today is set aside for this work, so I hope I will have something to show by midnight. Shield of the Trinity - Wikipedia

Also the bad news, the $2700 I invested in a solar energy retailer is lost in a scheme of arrangement which values my 100 000 shares (consolidated to 500) at $10, while solar energy is booming. Burnt by a bunch of scammers.

The velocity of light, c couples space and time, momentum and energy.

Widows Widows (2018 film) - Wikipedia

To DB 83 Physical Theology

[page 1]

Widows - nothing special Widows (2018 film) - Wikipedia

Space enables the existence of 2+ distinct bjects. Energy creation and annihilation. The measure of the quantum of action is 1, but it may be connected to a big issue: the universe is / is not divine.

The quantum of action has dimensions of angular momentum = spin, ie a point / on the spot form of motion. What does that mean? Angular momentum [motion] is closed, mapping onto itself.

Friday 23 November 2018

Trying to make philosophical sense of the birth of the universe, working by logical construction in analogy to physical construction. I have spent much of my life constructing buildings and associated scaffolding designed not to fall down under the influence of vertical gravity and heavy rain and horizontal winds. Logical structures hold up if they are free of destructive loopholes and so have the quality of proof. My approach is to 'prove' the existence of energy, time, space and particles by exploiting the not operator which has the effect of differentiating p from not-p, beginning with just one p / not-p and extending to the case where there are large numbers of not-ps corresponding to each p. We can model this situation with Hilbert space which may have any number of dimensions, each equivalent to a cyclic group.

Buchanan Kyle Buchanan: In a Steve McQueen Film the First Frame Is Everything

How do we move from Hilbert space to 4-space? Maybe by natural selection. So we devise a transfinite Hilbert space and then

[page 2]

select it down to reality. In fact a transfinite Hilbert space [is] generated by a network and communication, so in effect we jump straight into quantum mechanics and the Cantor force implemented by network communication. So off to Pam with the rest of paradise more or less in the bag.

Writing is quite an unstable business. One hour I am on top of the word and then I get bogged down again very quickly and have to spend a while digging myself out while wondering whether to is all worth it.

One way to stand out and win a reward is to take on an impossible task and succeed. My fundamental task is to establish that the universe is divine and I am not quite sure how this has come down to the digitization of quantum mechanics, although it seems obvious enough that a psychological world is a logical world and a logical world is digitized. On the other hand it may be a mistake to believe that things must be digitized from the start because we might see the process of creation as the emergence of certainty from uncertainty so that for instance the vague lives of unicellular creatures become rather more fixed and determinate when they become incorporated into multicellular organisms. The continuity of the functions of relativity and quantum mechanics give space for uncertainty, except that the mathematical foundations of continuous arithmetic are believed to give continuous functions determinism so that we believe that underlying the quantized outputs of quantum experiments there lies a perfect deterministic analogue computation system which, once we can tap it, will give us a vast new reservoir or computational ability. Similarly the infinities encountered in quantum field theory arise because we believe we must take the results as determined. On the third hand even though digital arithmetic is perfect, as accountants show, it nevertheless as limited resolution, so

[page 3]

that amounts less than the smallest units of currency become rounding errors.

One might say that the only justification for continuous arithmetic is the law of large numbers which gives us high precision even though the individual events that we are counting are discrete, like the heads and tails of a coin.

So I wonder why h and c are such absolutely precise and apparently incommensurate numbers and how they might be determined somewhere in the digital mechanism of the word, since we would like to think that ultimately things that appear to be fixed with unlimited precision must have definite generators that yield the definite results which may nevertheless be counted in large numbers (which must also in some way be made definite) to yield the exact values of h and c. So perhaps instead of trying to find a digital explanation of the Lamb shift and such things, one should be looking for a derivation of c and/or h, botho f which are so far beyond my powers that I might be better off going on holiday than continuing trying to do these things, or at least find ways to argue for a divine universe without getting toughed up in physics. But it seems that I cannot help it; it is an obsession. Lamb shift - Wikipedia

The obsession is to start simple and bifurcate to the recent, 2, 4, 8, 16 etc or follow the transfinite scale, 2 4 16,64k, . . . which may explain the explosion of particles at the beginning.

Creating tension for myself. Dare I look at my results. Dread tempered by curiosity: 2032 Naturalizing Morality 86%, 2039 Philosophy of Mind 72%.

Saturday 24 November 2018

The Universe, powered from below, attracted from above, by

[page 4]

efficient and final causes.

Copyright:

You may copy this material freely provided only that you quote fairly and provide a link (or reference) to your source.

Further reading

Books

Click on the "Amazon" link below each book entry to see details of a book (and possibly buy it!)

Ashby, W Ross, An Introduction to Cybernetics, Methuen 1956, 1964 'This book is intended to provide [an introduction to cybernetics]. It starts from common-place and well understood concepts, and proceeds step by step to show how these concepts can be made exact, and how they can be developed until they lead into such subjects as feedback, stability, regulation, ultrastability, information, coding, noise and other cybernetic topics.' 
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Auyang, Sunny Y., How is Quantum Field Theory Possible?, Oxford University Press 1995 Jacket: 'Quantum field theory (QFT) combines quantum mechanics with Einstein's special theory of relativity and underlies elementary particle physics. This book presents a philosophical analysis of QFT. It is the first treatise in which the philosophies of space-time, quantum phenomena and particle interactions are encompassed in a unified framework.' 
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Cantor, Georg, Contributions to the Founding of the Theory of Transfinite Numbers (Translated, with Introduction and Notes by Philip E B Jourdain), Dover 1895, 1897, 1955 Jacket: 'One of the greatest mathematical classics of all time, this work established a new field of mathematics which was to be of incalculable importance in topology, number theory, analysis, theory of functions, etc, as well as the entire field of modern logic.' 
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Carr, John Dickson, Life of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Carroll & Graf: Reprint edition 2003 'This vivid biography, written by John Dickson Carr, a giant in the field of mystery fiction, benefits from his full access to the archives of the eminent Sir Arthur Conan Doyle—to his notebooks, diaries, press clippings, and voluminous correspondence. Like his creation Sherlock Holmes, Doyle had "a horror of destroying documents," and until his death in 1930, they accumulated to vast amount throughout his house at Windlesham. They provide many of the words incorporated by Carr in this lively portrayal of Doyle's forays into politics, his infatuation with spiritualism, his literary ambitions, and dinner-table conversations with friends like H. G. Wells and King Edward VII. Carr, then, in a sense collaborates with his subject to unfold a colorful narrative that takes Doyle from his school days at Stonyhurst to Edinburgh University and a medical practice at Southsea, where he conceived the idea of wedding scientific study to criminal investigation in the fictive person of Sherlock Holmes. It also explores the private tragedy of Doyle's first marriage and long-delayed second as it follows him into the arena of public activity, propaganda, and literary output that would win him not only celebrity but also knighthood. 8 pages of black-and-white photographs are featured.' 
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Crompton, Louis , Byron and Greek Love: Homophobia in 19th-Century England, Faber and Faber, University of California Press 1985 Jacket: 'Byron and Greek Love exposes the bigoted anti-homosexualism of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century England, in contrast to a more tolerant Europe. It examines the popular press and private journals, biblical and classical commentaries, legal treatises and parliamentary debates of the day. It also vividly documents the hangings and pilloryings that took place for homosexual 'offences'' 
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Feynman, Richard, Feynman Lectures on Gravitation, Westview Press 2002 Amazon Editorial Reviews Book Description 'The Feynman Lectures on Gravitation are based on notes prepared during a course on gravitational physics that Richard Feynman taught at Caltech during the 1962-63 academic year. For several years prior to these lectures, Feynman thought long and hard about the fundamental problems in gravitational physics, yet he published very little. These lectures represent a useful record of his viewpoints and some of his insights into gravity and its application to cosmology, superstars, wormholes, and gravitational waves at that particular time. The lectures also contain a number of fascinating digressions and asides on the foundations of physics and other issues. Characteristically, Feynman took an untraditional non-geometric approach to gravitation and general relativity based on the underlying quantum aspects of gravity. Hence, these lectures contain a unique pedagogical account of the development of Einstein's general theory of relativity as the inevitable result of the demand for a self-consistent theory of a massless spin-2 field (the graviton) coupled to the energy-momentum tensor of matter. This approach also demonstrates the intimate and fundamental connection between gauge invariance and the principle of equivalence.' 
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Gilson, Etienne, The Spirit of Medieval Philosophy, University of Notre Dame Press 1991 'In this translation of Etienne Gilson's well known work L'esprit de la philosophie medievale, he undertakes the task of defining the spirit of mediaeval philosophy. Gilson asks whether we can form the concept of a Christian philosophy and, second, whether mediaeval philosophy is not precisely its most adequate historical expression. He maintains that the spirit of mediaeval philosophy is the spirit of Christianity penetrating the Greek tradition, working within it, and drawing out of it a certain view of the world that is specifically Christian. To support his hypothesis, Gilson examines mediaeval thought in its nascent state, at that precise point where the Judeo-Christian graft was inserted into the Hellenic tradition. Gilson's demonstration is purely historical and occasionally theoretical in suggesting how doctrines that satisfied our predecessors for so many centuries may still be found conceivable today.' 
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Lonergan, Bernard J F, Insight: A Study of Human Understanding (Collected Works of Bernard Lonergan : Volume 3), University of Toronto Press 1992 '. . . Bernard Lonergan's masterwork. Its aim is nothing less than insight into insight itself, an understanding of understanding' 
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Longley, Clifford, and Edited by Suzy Powling. Foreword by Lord Rees-Mogg, The Times Book of Clifford Longley, HarperCollinsReligious 1991 Jacket: 'Clifford Longley is perhaps the best known religious journalist working in Britain today [1991] and surely one of the most accomplished in the post-war period. ... This anthology, the first ever of Longley's work, contains a wide selection of columns published since 1988. Together they make up a colourful and engrossing account of a period when Church affairs have been marked by high controversy, and have regularly hit front pages.' 
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Merton, Thomas, and Evelyn Waugh (Foreword), Elected Silence, Hollis and Carter 1949 Jacket: Evelyn Waugh: 'I regard this as a book which may wekll prove to be of permanent inrterest iun the history of religious experience. No one can afford to neglect tis clear account of a complex religious process.' Graham Greene: 'It is a reare pleasure to read an autobiography with a patttern and meaning valid for all of us. It is a book one reads with a pencil so as to make it one;s own.'  
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Merton, Thomas , , Houghton Mifflin Harcourt; 50th Anniversary edition 1998 'In 1941, a brilliant, good-looking young man decided to give up a promising literary career in New York to enter a monastery in Kentucky, from where he proceeded to become one of the most influential writers of this century. Talk about losing your life in order to find it. Thomas Merton's first book, The Seven Storey Mountain, describes his early doubts, his conversion to a Catholic faith of extreme certainty, and his decision to take life vows as a Trappist. Although his conversionary piety sometimes falls into sticky-sweet abstractions, Merton's autobiographical reflections are mostly wise, humble, and concrete. The best reason to read The Seven Storey Mountain, however, may be the one Merton provided in his introduction to its Japanese translation: "I seek to speak to you, in some way, as your own self. Who can tell what this may mean? I myself do not know, but if you listen, things will be said that are perhaps not written in this book. And this will be due not to me but to the One who lives and speaks in both." '--Michael Joseph Gross 
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Peacock, John A, Cosmological Physics, Cambridge University Press 1999 Nature Book Review: ' The intermingling of observational detail and fundamental theory has made cosmology an exceptionally rich, exciting and controversial science. Students in the field — whether observers or particle theorists — are expected to be acquainted with matters ranging from the Supernova Ia distance scale, Big Bang nucleosynthesis theory, scale-free quantum fluctuations during inflation, the galaxy two-point correlation function, particle theory candidates for the dark matter, and the star formation history of the Universe. Several general science books, conference proceedings and specialized monographs have addressed these issues. Peacock's Cosmological Physics ambitiously fills the void for introducing students with a strong undergraduate background in physics to the entire world of current physical cosmology. The majestic sweep of his discussion of this vast terrain is awesome, and is bound to capture the imagination of most students.' Ray Carlberg, Nature 399:322 
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Pinker, Steven, The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined, Viking Adult 2011 Amazon book description: 'A provocative history of violence—from the New York Times bestselling author of The Stuff of Thought and The Blank Slate Believe it or not, today we may be living in the most peaceful moment in our species' existence. In his gripping and controversial new work, New York Times bestselling author Steven Pinker shows that despite the ceaseless news about war, crime, and terrorism, violence has actually been in decline over long stretches of history. Exploding myths about humankind's inherent violence and the curse of modernity, this ambitious book continues Pinker's exploration of the essence of human nature, mixing psychology and history to provide a remarkable picture of an increasingly enlightened world.' 
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Richardson, Robert D., William James: In the Maelstrom of American Modernism, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt 2007 Jacket: 'Pivotal member of the Metaphysical Club, author of The Varieties of Religious Experience, older brother of the extraordinary siblings Henry and Alice, the remarkable William James put an indelible stamp on psychology, philosophy, teaching and religion — on Modernism itself. In this thought provoking and moving biography, James emerges as an immensely complex and fascinating man.' 
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Spitz, Bob, Reagan: An American Journey, Penguin Press 2018 ' “This captivating and evenhanded biography of America’s first celebrity president, Ronald Reagan, reads like a novel but doesn’t skimp on the scholarship… Impressive research, including numerous interviews with a wide array of Reagan cohorts, from 1930s movie star Olivia de Havilland to national security adviser Robert “Bud” McFarlane, undergirds the exceptional writing. Spitz synthesizes other scholars’ analyses, the firsthand memoirs of key players, original press coverage, and archival holdings. Readers need not be Reagan fans or Republicans to enjoy this outstanding biography.” — Publisher’s Weekly' 
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Wilson, David Sloan, Darwin's Cathedral: Evolution, Religion and the Nature of Society, University Of Chicago Press 2003 Amazon Spotlight Review 'Religion in the Light of Evolution, January 2, 2003 Reviewer: R. Hardy "Rob Hardy" (Columbus, Mississippi USA) If you have an opinion about religion, or belong to a religion, most people disagree with you; there is not a majority religion in the world. And surely not all religions can be factually correct, since there are fundamental disagreements between them. So, how is it that all those other, incorrect religions exist and seem to help their members and their societies? There must be something they offer beyond a factual representation of gods and the cosmos (and when it comes down to it, if you belong to a religion, yours must be offering something more as well). If religions do help their members and societies, then perhaps they are beneficial in a long term and evolutionary way, and maybe such evolutionary influences should be acknowledged and studied. This is what David Sloan Wilson convincingly declares he has done in _Darwin's Cathedral: Evolution, Religion, and the Nature of Society_ (University of Chicago Press): "I will attempt to study religious groups the way I and other evolutionary biologists routinely study guppies, trees, bacteria, and the rest of life on earth, with the intention of making progress that even a reasonable skeptic must acknowledge." To Wilson's credit, he has written carefully about both scientific and religious issues, and readers with an interest in either field will find that he has covered both fairly. His coverage of the science involved begins with an interesting history of "the wrong turn" evolutionary theory took fifty years ago, when it deliberately ignored the influence of group selection. Especially if one accepts that there is for our species not only an inheritance of genes, but also an inheritance of culture, evolutionary influence by and upon religious groups, especially in light of the examples Wilson discusses, now seems obvious. For instance, evolution often studies population changes due to gains and losses from births, deaths, and in the case of religion, conversion and apostasy. The early Christian church is shown to have made gains compared to Judaism and Roman mythology because of its promotion of proselytization, fertility, a welfare state, and women's participation. There is a temple system in Bali dedicated to the water goddess essential for the prosperity of the rice crops; "those who do not follow her laws may not possess her rice terraces." The religious system encompasses eminently practical procedures for promoting fair water use and even for pest control. Religious morality is shown to build upon the principles of the famously successful computer strategy Tit-for-Tat. There is a significant problem, of course, in religions' dealing with other groups; it is not at all uncommon for a religion to teach that murdering those who believe in other religions is different from murdering those inside one's own religion. There is a degree of amorality shown in such competition, no different from the amorality that governs the strivings of ferns, sparrows, and lions. Wilson's many examples are fascinating and easy to take, but _Darwin's Cathedral_ is not light reading; although Wilson wanted to write a book for readers of all backgrounds, he has not "'dumbed down' the material for a popular audience," and admits that there is serious intellectual work to be done in getting through these pages. There is valuable and clear writing here, however, and a new way of looking at religion which may become a standard in scientific evaluation.' 
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Wilson, Margo, and Martin Daly, Homicide (Foundations of Human Behaviour), Aldine Transaction 1988 'This book is an exercise in "evolutionary psychology": the attempt to understand normal social motives as products of the process of evolution by natural selection. There is simply no question that this is the process that created the human psyche, and yet psychologists seldom ask what implications this fact might have for their discipline. We think that the implications are many and profound, touching on such matters as parental affection and rejection, sibling rivalry, sex differences in interests and inclinations, social comparisons and achievement motives, our sense of justice, lifespan developmental changes in attitudes, and that phenomenology of the self.' 
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Links

Al Jazeera and Agencies, Australia joins US in rejecting UN migration pact, ' The UN Global Compact for Migration was agreed on in July following more than a year of negotiations and is supposed to help open up legal migration and better manage the movement of people around the world. It is due to be adopted next month although the United States and a handful of European countries have already rejected it.' back

Alan Turing, On Computable Numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem, 'The "computable" numbers may be described briefly as the real numbers whose expressions as a decimal are calculable by some finite means. Although the subject of this paper is ostensibly the computable numbers, it is almost equally easy to define and investigate computable functions of an integral variable of a real or computable variable, computable predicates and so forth. . . . ' back

Apologia Pro Vita Sua - Wikipedia, Apologia Pro Vita Sua - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, ' Apologia Pro Vita Sua (Latin: A defence of one's own life) is John Henry Newman's defence of his religious opinions, published in 1864 in response to Charles Kingsley of the Church of England after Newman quit his position as the Anglican vicar of St. Mary's, Oxford.' back

Born rule - Wikipedia, Born rule - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'The Born rule (also called the Born law, Born's rule, or Born's law) is a law of quantum mechanics which gives the probability that a measurement on a quantum system will yield a given result. It is named after its originator, the physicist Max Born. The Born rule is one of the key principles of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. There have been many attempts to derive the Born rule from the other assumptions of quantum mechanics, with inconclusive results. . . . The Born rule states that if an observable corresponding to a Hermitian operator A with discrete spectrum is measured in a system with normalized wave function (see bra-ket notation), then the measured result will be one of the eigenvalues λ of A, and the probability of measuring a given eigenvalue λi will equal <ψ|Pi|ψ> where Pi is the projection onto the eigenspace of A corresponding to λi'. back

Boy Erased - Wikipedia, Boy Erased - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedis, ' Boy Erased is a 2018 American biographical drama film based on Garrard Conley's 2016 memoir of the same name. It is written for the screen and directed by Joel Edgerton, who also produces with Kerry Kohansky Roberts and Steve Golin. The film stars Lucas Hedges, Nicole Kidman, Russell Crowe, and Edgerton, and follows the son of Baptist parents who is forced to take part in a gay conversion therapy program.' back

Brady Dennis and Chris Mooney, Major Trump administration climate report says damages are 'intensifying across the country', back

Cathy O'Neil, Want To See Your Distopian Future? Look at China, ' Trying to compete with China in developing social control technology would be a terrible mistake. Europe’s General Data Protection Regulation explicitly disavows such an approach, choosing instead to defend human dignity and freedom. In the U.S., though, people are too distracted by the political circus to take on a creeping surveillance state, starting with big tech firms such as Facebook, which have demonstrated their incapacity to promote democratic values over profit.' back

Denial - Wikipedia, Denial - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'Denial is a defense mechanism postulated by Sigmund Freud, in which a person is faced with a fact that is too uncomfortable to accept and rejects it instead, insisting that it is not true despite what may be overwhelming evidence.' back

Eigenvalues and eigenvectors - Wikipedia, Eigenvalues and eigenvectors - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'An eigenvector of a square matrix A is a non-zero vector vthat, when the matrix multiplies yields a constant multiple of v, the latter multiplier being commonly denoted by λ. That is: Av = λv' back

Elizabeth Bruenig, Even as the Catholic Church claims to come clean, something is not right, ' The only thing that can save the Roman Catholic Church in America is the truth, and the truth is going to hurt. This is the choice facing the ecclesial establishment, which must decide either to release its vast records related to clergy sexual abuse, or wait for state and federal investigations to deprive them of those documents by force of law. If the church awaits the latter, then the Pennsylvania grand jury report that sparked this summer’s blistering revisitation of the sex abuse crisis will only be the beginning.' back

Eva McDonald, Warrior women: despite what gamers might believe, the ancient word was full f female fighters, ' So when women took to the field in battle in antiquity it was both astonishing and terrifying for the men who recorded the events and shameful to lose to them. It almost always occurred at times of political chaos and dynastic upheaval, when society’s structures loosened and women had to, and could, stand up for themselves. Ancient men did not like to think about having to fight women or having women fight – and it still seems to irk some people today.' back

Gregory J. Chaitin, Gödel's Theorem and Information, 'Gödel's theorem may be demonstrated using arguments having an information-theoretic flavor. In such an approach it is possible to argue that if a theorem contains more information than a given set of axioms, then it is impossible for the theorem to be derived from the axioms. In contrast with the traditional proof based on the paradox of the liar, this new viewpoint suggests that the incompleteness phenomenon discovered by Gödel is natural and widespread rather than pathological and unusual.'
International Journal of Theoretical Physics 21 (1982), pp. 941-954 back

Guy W. Weiss, The Farewell Dossier: Duping the Soviets, ' During the Cold War, and especially in the 1970s, Soviet intelligence carried out a substantial and successful clandestine effort to obtain technical and scientific knowledge from the West. This effort was suspected by a few US Government officials but not documented until 1981, when French intelligence obtained the services of Col. Vladimir I. Vetrov, "Farewell," who photographed and supplied 4,000 KGB documents on the program. In the summer of 1981, President Mitterrand told President Reagan of the source, and, when the material was supplied, it led to a potent counterintelligence response by CIA and the NATO intelligence services.' back

Hamilton's principle - Wikipedia, Hamilton's principle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'In physics, Hamilton's principle is William Rowan Hamilton's formulation of the principle of stationary action . . . It states that the dynamics of a physical system is determined by a variational problem for a functional based on a single function, the Lagrangian, which contains all physical information concerning the system and the forces acting on it.' back

John Burnet, John Burnet's Early Greek Philosophy: chapter IV, Parmenides of Elea: 85: The Poem, back

John Gehring, Baltimore Flop: Maybe the Bishops Shouldn't Have Bothered, ' The idea that widespread rejection of the church’s teaching on birth control should be a prism through which to understand an abuse crisis rooted in a culture of clericalism boggles the mind. “I was very saddened to hear so much focus on issues of sexuality when the abuse of minors, and the response to that abuse, is more an issue of abuse of power,” Bishop Stowe told me after the conference. . . .I don't think the bishops overall understand that we have very little credibility in matters of sexuality, even within the church, and appeals to Humanae vitae or the condemnation of homosexual activity are not going to address that, especially when abusive acts have occurred within the ranks.” ' back

Karen Kissane, Woman's death shows risks of putting the church before civil law, 'It is said that the best way to get a bad law overturned is to enforce it. When people see its consequences, the truism goes, they will be so appalled that public support for change will build up an unstoppable head of steam. The death of Savita Halappanavar might do just that for the women of Ireland..' back

Kristyn Harman, Colonial Australia was surprisingly concerned about Aboriginal deaths in custody, ' When the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody’s report was tabled in 1991, it was not the first official inquiry into this tragic phenomenon. The disproportionately high rate of mortality among Aboriginal convicts in colonial New South Wales had triggered an earlier investigation in 1850. The problem is, of course, still with us. This year a Guardian investigation found 147 Indigenous people have died in custody over the past ten years, and 407 since the end of the Royal Commission.' back

Kurt Goedel 1, On formally undecidable propositions of Principia Mathematica and related systems, I, The classic paper, part I. back

Kyle Buchanan, In a Steve McQueen Film the First Frame Is Everything, ' Over the course of Steve McQueen’s four films, including the 2014 best picture winner “12 Years a Slave” and his latest, the crime drama “Widows,” the director has displayed a knack for first images that jolt. . . . “I’ve seen enough films in my life to know that your intent as a director has to be put over within the first five minutes of the picture, because audiences are so skittish,” McQueen said. “It’s like the start of a conversation: What’s your first impression of someone?” ' back

Lagrangian - Wikipedia, Lagrangian - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'The Lagrangian, L, of a dynamical system is a function that summarizes the dynamics of the system. It is named after Joseph Louis Lagrange. The concept of a Lagrangian was originally introduced in a reformulation of classical mechanics by Irish mathematician William Rowan Hamilton known as Lagrangian mechanics. In classical mechanics, the Lagrangian is defined as the kinetic energy, T, of the system minus its potential energy, V. In symbols, L = T - V. ' back

Lamb shift - Wikipedia, Lamb shift - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'In physics, the Lamb shift, named after Willis Lamb (1913–2008), is a difference in energy between two energy levels 2S1/2 and 2P1/2 (in term symbol notation) of the hydrogen atom which was not predicted by the Dirac equation, according to which these states should have the same energy. Interaction between vacuum energy fluctuations and the hydrogen electron in these different orbitals is the cause of the Lamb Shift, as was shown subsequent to its discovery.' back

Matt Schudel, Zhores Medvedev, dissident Soviet scientist who was arrested then exiled, dies at 93, ' Zhores Medvedev, a scientist and one of the most prominent political dissidents in the former Soviet Union, whose writings exposed quackery and fraud in Soviet scientific programs and led to his arrest and eventual exile from his homeland, died Nov. 15 in London. He died one day after his 93rd birthday. His death was confirmed to Radio Free Europe by a friend, writer Semyon Reznik. Dr. Medvedev’s twin brother and fellow dissident, historian Roy Medvedev, told Russian news agencies that his brother had a heart attack.' back

Noha Khashoggi ans Razan Jamal Kashoggu, We are Jamal Khashoggi's daughters. We promise his light ill never fade, ' After the events of Oct. 2, our family visited Dad’s home in Virginia. The hardest part was seeing his empty chair. His absence was deafening. We could see him sitting there, glasses on his forehead, reading or typing away. As we looked at his belongings, we knew he had chosen to write so tirelessly in the hopes that when he did return to the kingdom, it might be a better place for him and all Saudis.' back

Paul Salmond, Guide to the classics: Euripides' Medea and her terrible revenge against the patriarchy, ' Euripides challenged conventions by depicting strong, passionate female characters and cynical, often weak male mythological heroes. He was considered more of a social critic than his contemporaries, who disparaged his emphasis on clever women.' back

Shield of the Trinity - Wikipedia, Shield of the Trinity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'The Shield of the Trinity or Scutum Fidei is a traditional Christian visual symbol which expresses many aspects of the doctrine of the Trinity, summarizing the first part of the Athanasian Creed in a compact diagram. In late medieval England and France, this emblem was considered to be the heraldic arms of God (and of the Trinity).' back

Spin-statistics theorem - Wikipedia, Spin-statistics theorem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'In quantum mechanics, the spin–statistics theorem relates the spin of a particle to the particle statistics it obeys. The spin of a particle is its intrinsic angular momentum (that is, the contribution to the total angular momentum that is not due to the orbital motion of the particle). All particles have either integer spin or half-integer spin (in units of the reduced Planck constant ħ). The theorem states that: The wave function of a system of identical integer-spin particles has the same value when the positions of any two particles are swapped. Particles with wave functions symmetric under exchange are called bosons. The wave function of a system of identical half-integer spin particles changes sign when two particles are swapped. Particles with wave functions antisymmetric under exchange are called fermions.' back

Timor mortis conturbat me - Wikipedia, Timor mortis conturbat me - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'Timor mortis conturbat me is a Latin phrase commonly found in late medieval Scottish and English poetry, translating to "fear of death disturbs me". The phrase comes from a responsory of the Catholic Office of the Dead, in the third Nocturn of Matins:[1] Peccantem me quotidie, et non poenitentem, timor mortis conturbat me. Quia in inferno nulla est redemptio, miserere mei, Deus, et salva me. "Sinning daily, and not repenting, the fear of death disturbs me. Because there is no redemption in Hell, have mercy on me, O God, and save me."' back

U.S. Global Change Research Program, USGCRP, 2017: Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I , ' This report is an authoritative assessment of the science of climate change, with a focus on the United States. It represents the first of two volumes of the Fourth National Climate Assessment, mandated by the Global Change Research Act of 1990.' back

U.S. Global Change Research Program, Fourth National Climate Assessment Volume II: Impacts, Risks and Adaptation in the US, ' 1. Communities Climate change creates new risks and exacerbates existing vulnerabilities in communities across the United States, presenting growing challenges to human health and safety, quality of life, and the rate of economic growth.' back

Widows (2018 film) - Wikipedia, Widows (2018 film) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, ' Widows is a 2018 heist film directed by Steve McQueen from a screenplay by McQueen and Gillian Flynn, based upon the 1983 ITV series of the same name. A British-American co-production, the film features an ensemble cast consisting of Viola Davis, Michelle Rodriguez, Elizabeth Debicki, Cynthia Erivo, Colin Farrell, Brian Tyree Henry, Daniel Kaluuya, Jacki Weaver, Carrie Coon, Robert Duvall, and Liam Neeson. The plot follows a group of women who attempt a heist in order to pay back a crime boss after their criminal husbands are killed on a botched job.' back

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