VII Notes
2010
Notes
[Sunday 7 February 2010 - Saturday 13 February 2010]
[Notebook: DB 68: Salalah]
[page 180]Sunday 7 February 2010
Verlinde from page 158. Erik P Verlinde
Verline conceives of gravity as an 'entropic' force. The network pardigm would see all forces as entropic forces, the 'Cantor force' acting to increase entropy and the 'ER-force' acting to decrease entropy, giving us the displacement and restorative forces of the Hilbert Oscillator. An essay on value
Emergent space = emergent memory = emergent degrees of freedom -- creation
Verlinde page 3: 'In this paper we present a holographic scenario for the emergence of space and address the origins of gravity and inertia which are connected by ther equivalence principle. Starting from first principles, using only space independent concept like energy, entropy and temperature [???] it is shown that Newton's laws appear naturally and practically unavoidably. Gravity is explained as an entropic force caused by a change in the amount of information associated with the positions [space ?] of bodies of matter.'
Monday 8 February 2010
By making all forces entropic (that is related to a count of states) we relate force to cardinal numbers so relating cardinals to dynamics and explaining the ubiquity of cardinals like energy in physics. The explanation of the crdinals lies in the ordinals, that is the structures we attribute to systems to explain the measurements we make. We measure cardinals, hypothesize ordinals.
[page 181]
Since energy is conserved, it does not explain anything. When we say that processes move to minimum energy, we are also saying that some other process is moving toward maximum energy, and so we need some other explanation for the movement of energy.
Callen: 'The Basic Problem of Thermodynamics' page 22. . . . page 24: 'The basic problem of thermodynamics is the determination of the equilibrium state that eventually results after the removal of internal constraints in a closed composite system.' Callen
Solution - maximum entropy
'Postulate II There exists a function (called the entropy S of the extensive parameters of any composite system, defined for all equilibrium states, and having the following property. The values assumed by the extensive parameters in the absence of internal constraint ore those that maximize the entropy over the manifold of constrained equilibrium states.'
'Postulate III The entropy of a composite system is additive over the constituent subsystems. The entropy is continuous and differentiable and is a monotonically increasing function of the energy.'
Callen page 25: 'The relation that gives the entropy is a function of the extensive parameters known as the fundamental relation. It therefore follows that of the fundamental relation of a particular system is known all conceivable thermodynamic information about the system is ascertainable therefrom.
Natural religion - the application of thermodynamics to human affairs.
[page 182]
Callen page 27: 'Postulate VI The entropy of any system vanishes in the state for which (partial d (internal energy( / partial d (entropy)V, N = 0 (that is at the zero of temperature).'
This postulate describes the initial singularity (?) the only isolated system for which temperature (ie energy per particle) has no meaning.
Postulate VI tells us that absolute zero is the temperature at which the rate of change of energy with respect to entropy is zero, ie we can have an infinite change in entropy with finite or zero change of energy which is characteristic of spacelike formalism. At constant energy, increased temperature implies decreased temperature and vice versa increased entropy implies decreased temperature until we reach zero temperature and infinite entropy.
page 316: 'It is a fundamental law of quantum statistics that every microstate consistent with a given macrostate is equally possible in a closed system.'
page 36: 'If the entropy is considered dependent and the energy independent . . . we shall refer to the analysis as being in the entropy representation. If the energy is dependent and the entropy is independent, we shall refer to the analysis as being in the entropy representation.
In the network model we take the entropy representation to be fundamental and couple it to the energy representation via the constants of Planck and Boltzmann (?)
We may draw a social analogy between temperature and
[page 183]
wealth. Thermodynamic equilibrium means equal temperature, social equilibrium means equal wealth. Social thermodynamics.
Social thermodynamics to Eureka Street as a sequel to the five billion year picture.
Callen page 40: '. . . the product of temperature and entropy [has] the dimensions of energy. We . . . [adopt] the convention that the entropy is dimensionless . . . . Consequentlyt the dimensions of temperature are identical to those of energy.'
Lieb and Yvngason page 5-6: ' . . . the inequality S(X) + S(X') =< S(X) + S(Y') certainly does not imply that S(X) =< S(Y). The fact that the inequalty S(X) + S(X') =< S(Y) + S(Y') tells us exactly which adiabatic processes are allowed in the compound system (among comparable states) independent of any detailed knowledge of the manner in which the two states interact, is astonishing and is at the heart of thermodyamics Elliott H Lieb & Jakob Yngvason
ie the entropy of one element of a compound system can decrease given that this element is coupled to an element whose increase in entropy is great enough to more than compensate for the decrease. [eg life on earth]
[Public] Religion, like thermodynamics, is not concerned with the detailed interactions of each person or particle in the global ensemble of people (particles).
The Theology Company is a small startup in the religion industry. Each Church offers a solution to the problems of human existence. TTC has developed as a reaction to the Roman Catholic Church. The points of difference can be summarized through a creed.
[page 184]
'I believe in God, the Father, almighty' TTC alternative
We also contrast natural religion with the Muslim, Buddhist, Hindu etc etc religions, explaining both agreement and modiifications necessary for [consistency with the world]
Lieb and Yvngason give a comprehensive definition on terms of the precedence operator which tells us A precedes B means that there is an adiabatic process leading from A to B.
The sin against the Holy Spirit = denying / suppressing [/ falsifying] the data. [Matthew 12:31-32, John 3:36]
A thermodynamic space of states is the set of all microstates that are consistent with a given macrostate, P, V, T,of a certain ensemble of atoms Ni. In the network view we may see the mircostates as computational operations ie the execution of Turing machines and see the space of all microscopic computations as coprisin all the microscopic actions consistent with the macroscopic action eg all the neural signals consistent with serving an ace at tennis.
Tuesday 9 February 2010
The Universe as a whole is an adiabatic system so we can say that the time ordering of states in the Universe is controlled by adiabatic accessibility (Lieb and Yvngason)
Insafar as quantum mechanical processes are reversible tjhey are all adiabatically equivalent and so we can say that there is no thermodynamic 'time's arrow'
[page 185]
in quantummechanics.
The ai,m of the network theory is to produce a model so abstaract that it is not a model in the sense that it does not presuppose and 'atoms' or particles but is just in a sense pure logic without physical realization; from this we would like to derive a 'thermodynamics of logic' which cou;les the computational logical world to opur experiences of the real world.
On creation: we start with the time reversibility of both quantum and classical mechanics and use the layering of the network process wo explain both the increase in entropy and the time ordering of universal process.
Submit iqxi paper to Zygon: Can we intepret the observable Universe as God's body? Abstract submitted [and rejected Email 12 February 2010]
Quantum systems appear to be axamples of perpetual motion with a frequency measured by the energy of the system. We can make a perpetually moving Carnot Engine (ie 100% efficiency) if the temperature of the cold reservoir is 0 K.We might observe that the cold reservoir of the Universe is the initial singularity (and all isomorphic copies of the initial singularity) whose temperature we assume to be 0 (rather than infinite, as physicists like to do).
Mass of sunlight coming to earth per day = (1000 Watts per square metre) x pi x (radius of the earth 6E6 metres)2 x (seconds in a day 86400) / (velocity of light 3E8 metres per second)2 = 100 tonnes (approx)
Wednesday 10 February 2010
The Strangest Man Dirac Farmelo
[page 186]
From a quantum mechanical point of view, coupled with big bang cosmology, we are inclined to think of the initial singularity as superposition of all frequencies from zero to at least ℵ0, ie carrying the near enough to infinite energy of the Universe that has emanated from (within) it. On the other hand the duality of energy, potential and actual might suggest that the energy of the Universe is a created thing, a duality which adds up to zero, allowing us to attribute zero energy to the initial singularity, therefore conceiving it as an eternal, simple point isomorphic to the traditional model of God. Then we must answer the question: how does the Universe create itself? Here we go round again, somehow knowing that the creation of the Universe and the creation of this text are instances of the same process. This last is explained by my neural network. We seek to explain the creation of the world by an abstract isomorph, the transfinite computer network, TCN, a 'psychological' model based on entropy and information processing.
From the abstract formal [ie eternal] point of view the key question is how does entropy and information come into being: how does the absolutely simple divinity become the absolutely complex Universe?
Roger Akroyd: Poirot (Agatha) is seeking a consistent mesh of all the facts established by the events surrounding a murder, and the game is for us to arrive at the correct conclusion, given the same facts as the detective. ChristieThis too is the game of science, which proceeds by observation (ie copying) and the manipulating of the copies until we arrive at the only true (consistent) fit. [constraint satisfaction]
[page 187]
We see an isomorphism between the fit of mechanical parts (as in a machine, static or dynamic) and the fit of formal parts in the explanation of the machine. So we model this by a network of machines. The structure of a dynamic machine is expressed mathematically by a differential equation, a fixed point in the motion. the motions of the machine are solutions to its equation. So the motions of the world, insofar as it is governed by [non-relativistic] quantum mechanics, are solutions to the energy equation discovered by Schrödinger. Schrödinger equation - Wikipedia
Railways lack the degree of freedom we call steerability.
Cricket: One bowler, one batsman; tennis two 'bowlers', two batspersons for a total of two players.
That little lizard is another element of the life of the Universe.
From Einstein we learn that spacetime is not independent of the events that occupy it, ie that information and entropy are indissolubly bound together, being two sides of the one coin, or more specifically a duality rooted in the unity of the divinity, the initial singularity. We do not have space and then put things in it, the things are the space, represented most abstractly by T (the energy-momentum tensor) = G (the 'shape' of space).
Entropy is the dual of information - requisite variety gives control, so all the possibilities are in effect reduced to one activity by the controller, and in the Universe at all times there is one actuality, although the possibilities are many. Ashby The boundary between actuality (past) and possibility (future) is the present. Performance anxiety
[page 188]
arises because we are uncertain of having the variety to control the possibilities to the desired outcome.
An important indicator of the universal duality is the null vectors made possible by the (- +) signature of the space time metric. Farmelo, Dirac page 42.
Proposition 1: Complexity is made possible through error control.
ö Proposition 2: The evolution of more complex systems is made possible by the unvertainty principle enschrined in Gödel's theorem on incompleteness.
Our standard of human interaction can be measured as the lively human dialogue at a good party, in all laguages available to us.
To join the political debate, because of its immediacy, makes it hard to maintain a continuous flow of well thought-out solutions to the problems arising, so that as governments (and people) get older they slowly lose control and eventually die.
Our high standard of living depends almost entirely on the work of myriad machines that grow, distribute and prepare our food. These machines must be controlled so that they serve their purpose effectively, and this need gave rise to cybernetics, the study of communication and control in the animal and the machine. Wiener
[page 189]
The first question is: what is the difference between an animal and a machine? We will say that a machine is a deterministic network of events, whereas an animal is an open set of events, changing their nature and frequency to suit prevailing conditions.
DETERMINISTIC vs CONDITIONAL. The network paradigm, based on interrupts which are outside the control of the interruptee, and may therefore lead to unpredictable (but distributed) results.
Capitalism has rendered the martyrdom paradigm obsolete.
Error control <==> complexity (Shannon). Even the minimal code, depending on cardinal numbers of symbols, that is mass / energy, is enough to lay the foundation of complexification. [complexity requires error correction; on the other hand, error correction is made possible by complexity.]
In the political arena, better is all that we can hope for for the system is neither complete or computable enough to predict the future of systems much more complex than molecules.
The network is there and TTCO just becomes a part of it, competing for selection over all the other religious voices.
Free trade in religion. That religion is a traded good is in no way detrimental to it as long as the trade is fair and honest, no party being coerced to do things they do not want to do. [Canon 754: 'All the Christian faithful are obliged to observe the constitutions and decrees which the legitimate authority of the Church issues in order to propose doctrine and proscribe erroneous opinions: this is especially true of the constitutions and decrees issued by the Roman Pontiff or the college of bishops. Canon Law Society of America]
[page 190] Equation = invariant (deterministic) mapping in which the value of one side is to be computer from the value on the other.
We say nothing bad about the old ones, just offer a demonstrably better product. Not practical, so we make dogmatic Catholicism our brand X, upon which we hope to improve.
No organization on the ground except what is necessary to maintain things in cyberspace.
Religion == human software engineering, ie a branch of applied cybernetics.
Conmvert Maxwell's stability criterion for a governor iunto a theorem on software of any complexity.
PEACE = STABILITY = MAXIMUM ENTROPY
Duality is the root of explanation and complexification.
Experimental dialogue with nature.
Nature - not-me
Thursday 11 February 2010
All of physics revoles around mathematical transformations which are reversible, ie operate at constant entropy, and deterministic, ie can be implemented by reversible Turing machines, or by Turing machines one of which
[page 191]
converts the output of the other back to the initial form . . . .
I might say that my besetting problem is the huge ambition to revolutionize theology and religion coupled to my tiny resources of knowledge, understanding and social connection I have to achieve my ambition. My hope lies in sparking an open source development of religion on the network.
How does the network understand creation and annihilation operators. On creation (and annihilation).
Bohr's motto: 'Opposites are complementary' [contraria sunt complementa] Farmeo page 128 Niels Bohr - Wikipedia
What does the network have to say about E = mc2, and what does it have to do with holographic horizons. Leonard Susskind Another example of permuting concepts to arrive at a new picture. Sleep on it.
Friday 12 February 2010
Fermelo: Dirac:'The fact that there is an end to one's life compels one to take an interest in things that will continue to live after one is dead." page 221
'In my case this article of faith is that the human race will continue to live for ever and will develop and progress without limit. This is an assumption which I must make for my peace of mind. Living is worthwhile if one can contribute, in some small way, to this endless chain of progress.' page 221.
[page 192]
Marxism is currently the opium of the Chinese, and quite a few others, another religion partly true and radically false in its denial of freedom and democracy, like Christianity.
The moments of birth and death, creation and annihilation are 'horizons' for particles. The particles themselves, the masses, do not cross the horizons,but their energy does, so that the annihilation of electrons and positrons yields photons of the same energy. So an horizon operates as a semi-permeable membrane,permitting the passage of energy but blocking more complex entities.
What has the network to say about Dirac's prediction of anti-matter? That there are formal processes that 'annihilate' one another. [conversely, we would expect to find formal processes that create one another as duals whose common content is energy]
Gravitation is the fundamental organizing principle of the Universe describing the energy network that makes everything else go, but there would be no network and no flow o energy in the network without creation, ie the emergence, 'born in union' (Misner, Thorne & Wheeler [page 71]) of entropy and information. Misner, Thorne & Wheeler
The uncertainty principle enables the Universe to 'bootstrap' itself into existence. Applied by Hawking to radiation at the black hole horizon where the momentary creation of a pair of particles is made permanent by one of the pair falling through the horizon, leaving is mate with no partner to annihilate with.
Natural religion is constrained by a differential equation we call meliorism: that we wish tomorrow to be better than today d blessedness / d t > 0, which is
[page 193]
consistent with the second law dS / dt => 0.
An equality (equation a là Dirac) is an invariant because the two sides of the equation are really the same thing given different meanings by the higher layers in the system, just as a computation in a computer gives different meanings to each of the individual identical bits within it, each of which is uniquely identified by a name and/or address.
Saturday 13 February 2010
Dirac: 'Each chessman has a characteristic way of moving and that is all that matters about it. The whole game of chess follows from this way of moving the various chessmen.' Farmelo page 354. [a chess piece has no meaning without the rules of the game, but it does have independent existence]
All the equations of physics are constraints on cardinal numbers which ultimately have some ordinal explanation, except at the lowest layer of the system, where cardinal and ordinal are indistinguishable.
'.. . Dirac thought organized religions were primitive and socially manipulative "myths'. Farmel page 407.
