natural theology

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VII Notes

2010

Notes

[Sunday 22 August 2010 - Saturday 28 August 2010]

[Notebook: DB 70 Mathematical Theology]

[page 18]

Sunday 22 August 2010

Veltman page 36: 'The S-matrix contains all physical information for any scattering process' ie it represents the computation transforming the in state to the out state, ie changing the input probability distribution to the output probability distribution, eg transforming loads of bricks, sand, cement etc into a house. Veltman

Abbot: totally unmindful is the new black: 'I'll do whatever I want and fuck the rest of you. Unresponsive software processes. Will not accept an interrupt.

Quantum state / geometric space is a memory and particles (including ourselves) are states of that memory. We construct a memory big enough to hole the Universe using the transfinite numbers, a tree whose leaves and branches give an address to every memory pixel. 'mexel'

A person hidden in a thicket of family.

A rose by any other name = general covariance.

A continuum is a symmetry: Noether's theorem. Noether's theorem - Wikipedia

Mathematics defined symmetries; physics breaks them. Everything, whenever observed, will be found to be in a particular state. An answer to the problem of universals is that in physics there are no universals, but to understand the probability structure of the Universe we create mathematical symmetries and then invoke gauge principles to reduce these symmetries to the 'reality' which at any moment has probability one.

[page 19]

Veltman page 38: 'A physical state in Hilbert space is like a movie in a can.' [deterministic]

In physics a phase space is devised with a view to mapping it onto a set of physical observations. the first requirement for such a map if it is to be one-to-one is that the phase space has as many addressable point as the physical system has observable points. Al;though we have a complex continuous vector algebra in Hilbert space, all we ever observe are the eigenvalues of certain operators in this space. This is the power of quantum mechanics: so single out certain values of otherwise continuous parameters which correspond to observations like the spectrum of an atom.

Veltman page 38 (continued) 'It is the whole movie, not just the opening scene, even if the can is labelled that way. Seeing things this was it becomes hopefully clear that a progressing situation is not a vector in Hilbert pace (such as |pq>in [rotating to another state |pq>out in the course of time. A vector in Hilbert space has no time dependence, but like in a movie, all the action is contained in that state.]'

General covariance again: God is one, theology is one, but there have been and are as many representation as there are human social traditions. So there is no more Christian or Buddhist theology that there is Christian or Buddhist chemistry, Gomez in Jackson & Makransky page 369. Jackson & Makransky

Jackson page 370: Gomez: 'I would think that a greater commonality with Christian theological discourse would suggest that the disciplines of theology, Christian and Buddhist, provides us with some of the necessary tools to go beyond apologetics into the terrain of dialogue and rational, truly public, discourse.

Analyzing the layers of love. Theology learns from experience.

[page 20]

If experience is guided by theology, we have the makings of a (possibly vicious) circle.

Monday 23 August 2010

Faith can move mountains by entraining sufficient physical resources to move mountains, as eg the promise of valuable minerals underneath. Here the option is to entrain academia.

The most interesting part of my theology will come in the application of the model to the human layer of communication, where it is intuitively obvious.

At the most abstract level the Universe provides us with a connected series of identifiable events which have a tendency to select and organize themselves into states of stable equilibrium, either by occupying the whole of a state space equiprobably (Boltzmann) or by being confined by some mechanism that breaks the probabilistic symmetry. Cercignani

Fulfilling the 'vow' made after the theory of peace programs to get an academic qualification before beginning to teach ('doctor').

Every experience is a touch of God and for many the most divine of such experience surround the process of reproduction as being the most necessary for the survival of any species.

REPRODUCTION (COPYING) is the ANTIDOTE to ERROR.

A murderous network: The Agatha Christie house party.

[page 21]

A good work (and a good play) is a series (possibly with just one element) of perfect touches. The digital world can be perfect.

Divine digital perfection = deterministic computer.

Agatha Dead Man's Mirror: the ceremony of dinner Christie

It is possible to write because a process has stationary points (quanta of action) that can be seen as a function defining a curve, as this sentence marks a curve in the space of human written communication.

Love one another vs fight with one another.

Elastic love - no exchange of body fluids; plastic exchange and possible disease, death, reproduction, orgasm.

Growing into the role: construction in the light of feedback on the story so far. Any attraction, no matter how small, will eventually accelerate any body, however large, to finite velocity.

Anticipating an unknown decision - will the engine start? have I passed?

I go back to the indecision surrounding my exit from the Order of preachers.

Australia has just been through an election during which, when the religion question arose, it was revealed that one candidate was Catholic, the other an Atheist. In this thesis I argue that this distinction is purely a matter of nomenclature and

[page 22]

although the states of mind represented by these two terms may have very different understandings of the meanings of the events of human life, we can look for a position [from which] the experiences of life are interpreted as they are, rather than in the light of a theory about their meaning like the Christian history of salvation.

Al statistics are assigned probabilities by comparing them to some model distribution which might be appropriate. We can then compute the resemblance between the data and the model. So in theology we apply the transfinite computer network to explain creation, love, compassion and all the other virtues and their corresponding vices.

Tuesday 24 August 2010

Can we get from Einstein's general covariance to the unity of God and the Universe?

Theism vs Pantheism vs Atheism. This thesis is a contribution to the spectrum of relationships between God and the World. My own starting point was that of a Catholic Theist, but under the influence of my scientific education, I have moved toward pantheism.

My starting point is Einstein's principle of general covariance. Let us agree with the mystics that there is nothing to be said about the one, and discourse begins with simple dualistic statements like the east is read which can be abstracted to a mathematical statement life x = y where we may substitute anything for x and y provided only that the equality is satisfactorily

honoured. If x and y represent people, our equation implies that all people are equal.

Traditionally the academy has liked to stand outside its subject, looking at it and judging it objectively. Einstein, on the other hand, a person very aware of the role of gravitation in his life, was trying to build a picture of the large scale structure of the Universe from within, extrapolating from local experience to the whole.

Quantum mechanics also embraces duality

What physics gives us is the physical layer of the Universe, a set of discrete addressed events which serve in a sense as active building blocks in the structure of the Universe. Because they are discrete and addressed, we can map these physical realizations of information to the symbols of mathematics and logic. This gets us to set theory and the construction of the Universe of sets by Cantor (see Jech). Cantor Jech

These ideas first occurred to me in the 1980s and were published in inchoate form for the first time on the public radio station 2BOB after I had healed the wounds of Catholicism with the balm of Hippiedom and was coming back down to earth with a clear plan to point out the defects of monarchy and the advantages of democracy.

[page 23]

Encoding, decoding, reversibility, requisite variety.

We move into the magical world represented by Hofstadter. Hofstadter

Every representation is a representation of the one, and this places limits on representations and leads to evolution.

In some unfathomable way some sequences of operations are more stable than others, and it is these naturally selected ones that we are and see around us. The power that leads to popularity is the power to reproduce.

Finally, it has been argued against pantheism that motion and diversity are on some way inferior to stasis and simplicity, and that God and the Universe cannot be the same.

Some motions of the Universe (representable by Turing machines) are repeatable, mapping onto themselves. Others move onto new territory.

Agatha Christie Clocks page 120: 'I minded about this girl -- minded in a way I had never minded about a girl before.' Christie

There is nothing like a spot of unrequited love to move things along.

Each interrupt creates a new machine

Greenery is not a pleasant vista of fanciful ideas but a religion, that the the art (ie technology) of guiding a human

[page 25]

group to survival, reproduction and perhaps wealth.

Wednesday 25 August 2010

Thursday 26 August 2010

MTh - take the Lonergan approach. A carefully argued modern representation of the ideas [of] Aquinas that were built on foundations laid in Ancient Greece by people like Parmenides, Plato and Aristotle This tradition places the source of the world, its Creator and sustainer, outside the world. Aristotle argues for an Unmoved Mover, perhaps not necessarily 'outside' the world, although his mentor Plato clearly felt that the ideas that guided the world are distinct from it.

Paternalistic or honest? ideas of the nanny state. Minimise harm, ie error, by persuasion or enforcement or both.

Scriptures are transmitted to us in writing, which is a form of memory. Academia and the literature, or lest us say any community and their emails.

Network: memory + processors.

As Aristotle would understand it, the Bible is a form embodied in some way, ink and paper, little magnets pointing up and down, and so on. It seems to be a fact of life that all information is embodied physically.

How much information can physics carry: entropy increasing.

Given a 'textual' model of the world, the transfinite computer network.

[page 26]

EIGENFUNCTION - TURING MACHINE

Efn: so called because the natural language in which these mathematical ideas were first exposed was German.

Mathematics as a plug-in to natural language. The core codes are invariant., all we need are different interfaces to the natural languages of the world, that is a terminology in each language.

BOUND NETWORK = TURING MACHINE ('hard wired')

'Hard wiring' = memory state = connection state = communication state.

ORDERING = {SUBSETTING, PERMUTING} / boson, fermion.

The ancients invented spirit (immaterial being) in order to be able to represent all the forms in the Universe in one mind. The idea is rather like quantum mechanical superposition. Here explain superposition in Hilbert space.

Now we map out network onto the events of the Universe. General covariance is necessary because we are partcipants in our own observations, and so confine them to our own eigenfunctions.

Horticulture: creating an environment where the chosen plants flourish, fencing out predators etc etc.

[page 27]

A transfinite computer network can do anything possible, that is it can pursue complexity to the nth degree. ,p> All that incense and exhortation strengthens us to deal with the adversities of life and unites us to overcome our enemies, be they other human groups or 'natural' disasters.

Selection vs transfinite growth. Selection maintains the layers but 'digitizes'; (pixellates) the species into a set of orthogonal dualities of creatures and niches. The niche makes it possible for the creature to life; the creature has evolved to take advantage of the niche, and no two species can occupy the one niche.

The invariant in all organism / invariant relationships is fitness.

As soon as something logs on it is given an address and then it is part of the network.

The Universe is a computer network because it comprises discrete events.

In general relativity 'absolute' energy is hard to pin down and we might make the dualist assumptiom that the total energy of the unvierse is zero (pure formalism) divided into equal quantities of positive and negative energy, ie rates of action where negative (potential) ios simply the negative of positive (kinetic) and they are born (creatred) and die (annihilate) in unison. This looks digital.

[page 28]

Mathematics is itself a network, an example of itself.

The theological academy is such a network, spanning public and private communications between the participating individuals. The memory logs the communications and this log serves as a formal record of the work of the academy. This idea extends to all networks which we view as a space of memory and a set of processors changing the states of the memory, each according to its own algorithm.

'Creative evolution vs empirical residue'.

To refute Lonergan's claim we need to produce a model of the world without empirical residue and show that at least prima facie this model fits the world as we know it.

Search engine: addressing, mapping address content (search term) to logical address www. . . . , which will be decoded by the network machinery to a physical address where the desired data is stored.

Each of us is a point in a space of high transfinite cardinal, the human layers.

DSubsetting and packaging: mass of parcel = energy = rate of action.

The path integral integrates a path in state space which might also be a path in real space.

The vocabulary of an atom is a countably infinite

number of words expressed as the frequencies of the photons the atom can (is most likely to) emit and absorb. ,p. Another layer of deceit in the endless game of survival.

Is Bernard Lonergan's 'empirical residue' real

'Constant of motion' = fixed point. Engine block stays the same as the engine moves within it.

Friday 27 August 2010

Dissipation of energy = reduction in temperature = reduction in energy / entropy ratio = reduction in boson / fermion ratio.

E = hf, Power = E/t = hf/t.

Quantum regime: reversible : dissipative regime (irreversible).

Saturday 28 August 2010

McGrath Heresy page 18: 'For many Christians, an experience of God lies at the heart of the religious dynamic.' McGrath

In fact this is true for everybody!

McGrath page 21: 'To believe in God goes far beyond the mere factual acceptance of God's existence' it is to declare that this God may be trusted.'

[page 30]

'Trust me", the first words of scoundrel!

McGrath page 23 "Christians do not believe in Jesus of Nazareth; they believe certain things about him as well. The emergence of the notions of both heresy and orthodoxy during the second century are ti be set against an increasing recognition of the importance of developing and sustaining a secure, doctrinal core for the maintenance of Christian identity and coherence.

Which need not be true, just agreed by all members so uniting them into a powerful bloc which has come to dominate much of the religious world.

McGrath page 31: 'A heresy is a doctrue that ultimately destroyes, destabilized or distorts a mystery rather than preserving it.'

How can you say this when you cannot, by definition, know the truth about a mystery.

page 35: 'If evolution can be regarded as a religion, then it has both its orthodoxies and its heresies.' The difference being that the theory of evolution iws evidence based and so must be asymptotic to the truth whereas much of religion is faith bases and so fundamentally arbitrary.

Determinism is broken in the network by the process of interruption where new information enters a machine and changes its course [into a different Turing machine, so we establish permutations (ordered sequences) of Turing machines] This notion parallels Aquinas explanation of freedom of the will through the complexity of reason. Aquinas 412 Aquinas 412

The spirituality of the Bible and other religious classics is not in conflict with their physical realization, whether it be in

[page 31]

print or subtler quantum mechanical memories. Their spirituality arises as messages in the human network, messages which transcend time because as formal entities they are outside time.

Messages = stationary points = eigenfunction = Turing machine = software.

Software is eternal, totally hard.

Tom Wolfe Pump House Gang Wolfe

The messages are the stationary points in the network of pure act.

The Trinity as conceived by Augustine and Aquinas, is a network.

Although we represent God by a transfinite cardinal greater than our own, the Cantor symmetry enables us to project our own properties onto God and see God incarnate in all our peers.

Formal models of the world (like general relativity) if they are good, reproduce the stationary points of the Universe perfectly.

To date theology is the Christian West has been largely a matter of the exegesis of a very limited set of tests, the Christian Bible. By recognizing the textual nature of all the messages coming to us as a physically embodied form, we greatly increase the set of data available to theology and anticipate that theology will gradually come to rival the other sciences that have already undergone the empirical revolution (the mathematical-empirical revolution). This revolution is possible because mathematics deals in discrete addressable (namable) entities which are exactly what the quantized world presents to us for interpretation.

[page 32]

Barrett Aristophanes page 151: '. . . the concept of literary criticism as a purely intellectual activity, a sort of school subject, simply did not exist in Aristophanes' day. Questions of poetical technique were doubtless discussed, and there were teachers of poetical composition just as there were teachers of rhetoric. But to judge a work of art on its technical merits alone, without reference to its moral value, would have been regarded by every Athenian, whether he happened to be an expert or not, as the height of absurdity.'

We create structures by dynamically uniting stationary points in the Universe. We can only see and manipulate stationary points, ie parts, letters, words, etc.

Euripides Hippolytus Vellacott, Penguin. 'Nurse. . . . When love sweeps on in the fulness of her power, there is no resisting. She steals gently on those who yield to her, but those she finds arrogant and haughty she takes and -- what do you suppose -- tramples in the dust. Love rides on clouds and strides thjrough swollen seas. The whole world is born from Love; she sows every seed; every living creature on earth sprang from that sweet desire which is her gift to us. ' ~ ll. 430 sqq. Euripides

Much more realistic than words about love attributed to Jesus of Nazareth.

'. . . you are in love: then bear -- and dare -- what the God has willed.' ~ l. 478

This work may be seen as a possible step in the evolution of our conception of God which has moved from the unknown and various beliefs of pre-historic times through the rather capricious

[page 33]

Gods of the Classical Greek poets, who had a tendency to treat human like chattels (Homer, Euripides Homer) and the loving but vengeful God of the Old testament to the loving Trinity of Christianity, and through the abstract philosophical work of the Middle ages became the reasonable and reliable Nature revealed by the scientific method applies both to ancient texts and the contemporary world. Debray, God: . . . , Miles, God: . . .. Debray MilesUnderstanding this nature opens the way to the arts necessary to constrain many of the evils that flesh is heir to.

McGrath Vincent of Lerin on doctrinal constraint page 53: 'Every doctrine nöeeded to conform to three criteria. It had to be shown to have been accepted (1) everythwere, (2) always, and (3) by all believers.' Vincent of Lerins - Wikipedia

McGrath page 55: 'lex orandi, lex credendi': this is true of all technology. We must respect the nature of things (eg horses) if we are to be able to use them safely and efficiently. Lex orandi, lex credendi - Wikipedia

The 'basis' is the alphabet for an expression (sentence, word, wave function). A wave function, like any other symbol, is a representative of a process.

McGrath page 62: '. . . heresy is not a neutral concept but is determined by prior understandings of what Christianity ought to be.'

However, creative doctrinal development requires flirting with heresy, but such flirtations may settle into stable reproductive relationships.

McGrath page 67: 'During the 1830s and 1840s, a group of Catholic theologians based at the University of Tubingen, including Sebasian Drey (1777 - 1853) and Johann Adam Möhler (1796 - 1838), developed an organic approach to doctrinal development that likened the process to the

[page 34]

natural growth of a biological seed.'

McGrath page 68: Newman: '"From the necessity, then, of the case, from the history all sects and parties in religion, and from the analogy and example of Scripture, we may fairly conclude that Christian doctrine admits of formal, legitimate, and true developments, that is, of developments contemplated by its Divine Author. Newman

Materiality or immateriality have nothing to do with intelligibility, in fact all intelligible structures are embodied in the physical layer of the Universe. Aquinas 391

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Further reading

Books

Click on the "Amazon" link below each book entry to see details of a book (and possibly buy it!)

Cantor, Georg, Contributions to the FoundinCantorg of the Theory of Transfinite Numbers (Translated, with Introduction and Notes by Philip E B Jourdain), Dover 1955 Jacket: 'One of the greatest mathematical classics of all time, this work established a new field of mathematics which was to be of incalculable importance in topology, number theory, analysis, theory of functions, etc, as well as the entire field of modern logic.' 
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Cercignani, Carlo, Ludwig Boltzmann: The Man Who Trusted Atoms, Oxford University Press, USA 2006 'Cercignani provides a stimulating biography of a great scientist. Boltzmann's greatness is difficult to state, but the fact that the author is still actively engaged in research into some of the finer, as yet unresolved issues provoked by Boltzmann's work is a measure of just how far ahead of his time Boltzmann was. It is also tragic to read of Boltzmann's persecution by his contemporaries, the energeticists, who regarded atoms as a convenient hypothesis, but not as having a definite existence. Boltzmann felt that atoms were real and this motivated much of his research. How Boltzmann would have laughed if he could have seen present-day scanning tunnelling microscopy images, which resolve the atomic structure at surfaces! If only all scientists would learn from Boltzmann's life story that it is bad for science to persecute someone whose views you do not share but cannot disprove. One surprising fact I learned from this book was how research into thermodynamics and statistical mechanics led to the beginnings of quantum theory (such as Planck's distribution law, and Einstein's theory of specific heat). Lecture notes by Boltzmann also seem to have influenced Einstein's construction of special relativity. Cercignani's familiarity with Boltzmann's work at the research level will probably set this above other biographies of Boltzmann for a very long time to come.' Dr David J Bottomley  
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Christie, Agatha, The Clocks, HarperCollins Publishers Canada 1988 Amazon costomer review: 'The first time I read this novel, I had to reread it again. Why? So many questions still linger at the end of the story even though the pages has ended. I wondered and reread and after the third reading, I finally got it all. The Clocks is a story that has two main plots, and the one has absolutely nothing to do with the other. But they were connected in a way when a young typist finds a dead body in a livingroom of a blind woman. From there it's red herring all the way. But bits of real clues emerge when Mr Lamb (a fake name) talks to a girl with a broken leg. Poirot only comes in now and then but became more interested when another murder occurs, while Lamb becomes Poirot's legs, ears and eyes. Oh yes, there are clues aplenty, but a broken high heel has never been this important as a clue. Christie delivers this story with delightful take that neither too wordy nor too lengthy. This is another often neglected classic Christie, so get it. madonluv 
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Christie, Agatha, Dead Man's Mirror, Bantam Books 1988 Amazon customer review:'This book follows the same old Agatha Christie/Hercule Poirot formula. And, like macaroni & cheese or mashed potatoes, I found this murder mystery comforting and delightful in its familiarity. A collection of relatives and friends gather at a country house, and their dominating and idosyncratic host commits suicide ... or does he? Fortunately, shortly before the fatal shot was fired, the dead man had the foresight to invite Hercule Poirot for a visit. Thank goodness he is there to unravel things, as only he can! If you are looking for a by-the-book fact and/or forensic based mystery, like those by Cornwell or Grafton or Paretsky, you'll be disappointed. But if you're looking for evocative mood, wit and charm, you'll enjoy yourself.' 
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Debray, Regis, God, An Itinerary, Verso 2004 Amazon Product Description 'God, who has changed the lives—and deaths—of men and women, has in turn changed His face and His meaning several times over since His birth three thousand years ago. He may have kept the same name throughout, but God has been addressed in many different ways and cannot be said to have the same characteristics in the year 500 BC as in AD 400 or in the twenty-first century, nor is He the same entity in Jerusalem or Constantinople as in Rome or New York. The omnipotent and punitive God of the Hebrews is not the consoling and intimate God of the Christians, and is certainly not identical with the impersonal cosmic Energy of the New Agers.

Régis Debray's purpose in this major new book is to trace the episodes of the genesis of God, His itinerary and the costs of His survival. Debray shifts the spotlight away from the theological foreground and moves it backstage to the machinery of divine production by going back, from the Law, to the Tablets themselves and by scrutinizing Heaven at its most down-to-earth. Throughout this beautifully illustrated book, he is able to focus his attention not just on what was written, but on how it was written: with what tools, on what surface, for what social purpose and in what physical environment. Debray contends that, in order to discover how God's fire was transferred from the desert to the prairie, we ought first to bracket the philosophical questions and focus on empirical information. However, he claims that this does not lessen its significance, but rather gives new life to spiritual issues. God: An Itinerary uses the histories of the Eternal and of the West to illuminate one another and to throw light on contemporary civilization itself. 50 b/w illustrations.'  
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Euripides, and Philip Vellacott, Three Plays: Alcestis, Hipplolytus, Iphigenia in Taurus, Penguin Classics 1974 Amazon Product Description 'One of the greatest playwrights of Ancient Greece, the works of Euripides (484 406 BC) were revolutionary in their depiction of tragic events caused by flawed humanity, and in their use of the gods as symbols of human nature. The three plays in this collection show his abilities as the sceptical questioner of his age. Alcestis, an early drama, tells the tale of a queen who offers her own life in exchange for that of her husband; cast as a tragedy, it contains passages of satire and comedy. The tragicomedy Iphigenia in Tauris melodramatically reunites the ill-fated children of Agamemnon, while the pure tragedy of Hippolytus shows the fatal impact of Phaedra's unreasoning passion for her chaste stepson. All three plays explore a deep gulf that separates man from woman, and all depict a world dominated by amoral forces beyond human control.' 
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Hofstadter, Douglas R, Goedel Escher Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid, Basic/Harvester 1979 An illustrated essay on the philosophy of mathematics. Formal systems, recursion, self reference and meaning explored with a dazzling array of examples in music, dialogue, text and graphics. 
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Homer, and Bernard King (introduction) Robert Fagles (translator), The Iliad, Penguin Classic 1998 Amazon From Library Journal 'Why another Iliad? Just as Homer's work existed most fully in its performance, so the Homeric texts call periodically for new translations. With this in mind, Fagles offers a new verse rendering of the Iliad. Maneuvering between the literal and the literary, he tries with varying degrees of success to suggest the vigor and manner of the original while producing readable poetry in English. Thus, he avoids the anachronizing of Robert Fitzgerald's translation, while being more literal than Richard Lattimore's. Fagles's efforts are accompanied by a long and penetrating introduction by Bernard Knox, coupled with detailed glossary and textual notes.' - T.L. Cooksey, Armstrong State Coll., Savannah, Ga. 
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Jackson, Roger, and Roger Makransky (editors), Buddhist Theology: Critical reflections by contemporary Buddhist Scholars, Curzon Press 1999 Jacket: 'This volume is the expression of a new development in the academic study of Buddhism: scholars of Buddhism, themselves Buddhist, who seek to apply the critical tools of the academy to reassess the truth and transformative value of their tradition in its relevance to the modern world.' 
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Jech, Thomas, Set Theory, Springer 1997 Jacket: 'This book covers major areas of modern set theory: cardinal arithmetic, constructible sets, forcing and Boolean-valued models, large cardinals and descriptive set theory. ... It can be used as a textbook for a graduate course in set theory and can serve as a reference book.' 
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McGrath, Alistair, Heresy: A History of Defending the Truth, HarperOne 2009 Amazon review from Booklist: 'Historian and theologian McGrath believes that heresy has become fashionable. More than that, contemporary Western society considers it radical and innovative, perhaps even cool. This attitudinal change he sees reflected by the renewed surge of interest in atheism and especially by the popularity of the so-called new atheists Sam Harris, Daniel C. Dennett, Richard Dawkins, and Christopher Hitchens and their best-selling antireligious books. McGrath studies the complicated relations between heresy, orthodoxy, and power, and discusses the unprecedented popularity of Dan Brown’s The Da Vinci Code (2003), placing the novel in the context of a postmodern suspicion of power and the Catholic Church, in particular. He explains the nature of faith, the origins of the idea of heresy, and the diverse roots of Christian heresy from its earliest forms (Ebionitism, Docetism, Valentinianism) to its later, classic formulations (Arianism, Donatism, Pelagianism). Also, he inspects the cultural and intellectual motivations for the existence of heresy. A penetrating examination by an intellectual powerhouse.' --June Sawyers 
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Miles, Jack, God : A Biography, Vintage Books 1996 Jacket: 'Jack Miles's remarkable work examines the hero of the Old Testament ... from his first appearance as Creator to his last as Ancient of Days. ... We see God torn by conflicting urges. To his own sorrow, he is by turns destructive and creative, vain and modest, subtle and naive, ruthless and tender, lawful and lawless, powerful yet powerless, omniscient and blind.' 
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Newman, John Henry, An Essay on the Development of Chritian Doctrine, Cosimo Classics 2007 Jacket: 'Still considered essential reading for serious thinkers on religion more than a century and a half after it was written, this seminal work of modern theology, first published in 1845, presents a history of Catholic doctrine from the days of the Apostles to the time of its writing, and follows with specific examples of how the doctrine has not only survived corruption but grown stronger through defending itself against it, and is, therefore, the true religion. This classic of Christian apologetics, considered a foundational work of 19th-century intellectualism on par with Darwin's Origin of Species, is must reading not only for the faithful but also for anyone who wishes to be well educated in the fundamentals of modern thought. ' 
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Veltman, Martinus, Diagrammatica: The Path to the Feynman Rules, Cambridge University Press 1994 Jacket: 'This book provides an easily accessible introduction to quantum field theory via Feynman rules and calculations in particle physics. The aim is to make clear what the physical foundations of present-day field theory are, to clarify the physical content of Feynman rules, and to outline their domain of applicability. ... The book includes valuable appendices that review some essential mathematics, including complex spaces, matrices, the CBH equation, traces and dimensional regularization. ...' 
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Wolfe, Tom, The Pump House Gang, Bantam 1969 Amazon Product Description 'The Pump House Gang: The definitive, super-charged chronicle of today's life styles by America's foremost "pop journalist".' Time 
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Links
Aquinas 391 Article 3: Whether there is an active intellect? 'I answer that, According to the opinion of Plato, there is no need for an active intellect in order to make things actually intelligible; but perhaps in order to provide intellectual light to the intellect, as will be explained farther on (4). For Plato supposed that the forms of natural things subsisted apart from matter, and consequently that they are intelligible: since a thing is actually intelligible from the very fact that it is immaterial. And he called such forms "species or ideas"; from a participation of which, he said that even corporeal matter was formed, in order that individuals might be naturally established in their proper genera and species: and that our intellect was formed by such participation in order to have knowledge of the genera and species of things. But since Aristotle did not allow that forms of natural things exist apart from matter, and as forms existing in matter are not actually intelligible; it follows that the natures of forms of the sensible things which we understand are not actually intelligible. Now nothing is reduced from potentiality to act except by something in act; as the senses as made actual by what is actually sensible. We must therefore assign on the part of the intellect some power to make things actually intelligible, by abstraction of the species from material conditions. And such is the necessity for an active intellect.' back
Aquinas 412 Article 1: Whether man has free will '. . . But man acts from judgment, because by his apprehensive power he judges that something should be avoided or sought. But because this judgment, in the case of some particular act, is not from a natural instinct, but from some act of comparison in the reason, therefore he acts from free judgment and retains the power of being inclined to various things. For reason in contingent matters may follow opposite courses, as we see in dialectic syllogisms and rhetorical arguments. Now particular operations are contingent, and therefore in such matters the judgment of reason may follow opposite courses, and is not determinate to one. And forasmuch as man is rational is it necessary that man have a free-will.' back
General covariance - Wikipedia General covariance - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 'In theoretical physics, general covariance (also known as diffeomorphism covariance or general invariance) is the invariance of the form of physical laws under arbitrary differentiable coordinate transformations. The essential idea is that coordinates do not exist a priori in nature, but are only artifices used in describing nature, and hence should play no role in the formulation of fundamental physical laws. A physical law expressed in a generally covariant fashion takes the same mathematical form in all coordinate systems, and is usually expressed in terms of tensor fields. The classical (non-quantum) theory of electrodynamics is one theory that has such a formulation.' back
Lex orandi, lex credendi - Wikipedia Lex orandi, lex credendi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 'Lex orandi, lex credendi (Latin loosely translatable as the law of prayer is the law of belief) refers to the relationship between worship and belief, and is an ancient Christian principle which provided a measure for developing the ancient Christian creeds, the canon of scripture and other doctrinal matters based on the prayer texts of the Church, that is, the Church's liturgy. In the Early Church there were about 69 years of liturgical tradition before there was a creed and about 350 years before there was a biblical canon. These liturgical traditions provided the theological framework for establishing the creeds and canon.' back
Noether's theorem - Wikipedia Noether's theorem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 'Noether's (first) theorem states that any differentiable symmetry of the action of a physical system has a corresponding conservation law. The theorem was proved by German mathematician Emmy Noether in 1915 and published in 1918.[1] The action of a physical system is the integral over time of a Lagrangian function (which may or may not be an integral over space of a Lagrangian density function), from which the system's behavior can be determined by the principle of least action. . . . There are numerous different versions of Noether's theorem, with varying degrees of generality. The original version only applied to ordinary differential equations (particles) and not partial differential equations (fields). The original versions also assume that the Lagrangian only depends upon the first derivative, while later versions generalize the theorem to Lagrangians depending on the nth derivative. There is also a quantum version of this theorem, known as the Ward–Takahashi identity. Generalizations of Noether's theorem to superspaces also exist.' (Noether E (1918). "Invariante Variationsprobleme". Nachr. D. König. Gesellsch. D. Wiss. Zu Göttingen, Math-phys. Klasse 1918: 235–257.)' back
Vincent of Lerins - Wikipedia Vincent of Lerins - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 'Saint Vincent of Lérins (died c. 445) (in Latin, Vincentius) was a Gallic author of early Christian writings.' back

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