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vol VII: Notes

2012

Notes

[Sunday 2 December 2012 - Saturday 8 December 2012]

[Notebook: DB 74 CREATION]

[page 9]

Sunday 2 December 2012

Plato and Pythagoras senses that mathematics is in some way true throughout space and time and so gives us a window on the Universe. This led ultimately to Einstein's general theory opf space-time dynamics and the Hawking and Ellis mathematical discovery of black holes ands the initial singularity.

Wigner is echoing a thought that seems to be at least 2500 years old. Eugene Wigner

From quantum mechanics we learn that messages (observations) are fixed points in the Universal dynamics.

The complexification takes us to Cantor, stationary points in the mathematical community.

At least some Christians practice (or say we should practice) detachment when religion itself offers the most extreme rewards and punishments, Heaven and Hell, as potentials to steer people in the direction it favours.

Particle = fixed point, independent observable.

Zee page 3: '[The electromagnetic field's] Fourier components are quantized as a collection of harmonic oscillators, leading to creation and annihilation operators for photons.' Zee

page 4: '. . . we can form wave packets by superposing eigenmodes', ie a particle requires a number of different frequencies (processes) to exist, it contains complex linked processes (?).

[page 10]

Zee page 23: 'Physically, S(x) describes the amplitude for a disturbance in the field to propagate from the origin to x.

page 10: '. . . the momentum eigenstate is a plane wave in the coordinate representation.'

page 11: 'This fundamental result tells us that to obtain < qF | e-iHT | qI > we simply integrate over all possible paths q(t) such that q(0) = qI and q(T) = qF.

What does this mean? How do phases add that are spread all over the place. It is because phase relates to time and antedates space. It seems a lot of processing that may be an artefact of trying to represent a digital logical world with a continuum.

Flexibility - bend without breaking, not a common feature of the very old.

A theoretical model of press regulation derived from general relativity and quantum mechanics!

The prospect of poverty puts some pressure on me to succeed.

The long view: the most durable ideas on earth appear to be religion. Christianity has come all the way from the Roman Empire to the present and is still thriving in a wide cross section of cultures.

We wish to do to Christianity what Christianity

[page 11]

did to Judaism, carry it from parochial to truly catholic, Catholic to catholic.

Natural church = catholic Church.

Christianity is a step from magic and craft to science.

What we want to do is couple the collapse of the wave function with human insight and communication.

All digital processes have fixed points which are the digits \, whose individuality is respected by logical process.

Logical continuity is a feature of fixed points which underlain by the dynamics of which the logical symbols are fixed points.

Agatha: Pale Horse 'I don't believe. I know. page 59 Christie

Act - energy - momentum - broken symmetries. First from continuity to ticks of time, each a quantum of action, a plane wave, no entropy or information.

Explain: how does it work, ie a sequence or loop of causality.

Monday 3 December 2012
Tuesday 4 December 2012

A particle is sure to go where its probability is one. The path integral method is a way to identify the path with this probability is realized, ie where all phases add up to one quantum of action (?).

[page 12]

Christie page 129: 'Always envisage the worst. You've no idea how it steadies the nerves. You begin at once to be sure that it can't be as bad as you imagine.'

Mathematics is the fixed point in the infinite dimensional space of the mathematics community, and the 'laws' of physics are the fixed points in the space of the physical world. It is little wonder that these fixed points coincide, as Pythagoras, Plato and Wigner have noted. We now wish to flesh out this concepts with a model to be called the transfinite computer network.

Agatha page 134: 'emotional apprehension'. The skill of authors lies in identifying and naming fixed popints in human dynamics.

page 135: ' " Ritual—a pattern of words and phrases sanctified by time and usage, has an effect on the human spirit. " '

From a physical point of view kinetic energy stands for dynamics and potential energy for fixed points and their some is constant (say 1) whereas in a realized process their difference, the Lagrangian, is 0. so that the action, the time integral of the the Lagrangian, is also 0. Note that |ei0|2 = 1, but |e|2 also equals 1, unless θ is complex.

The ticking of the cosmic clock carries us all along.

Christie page 146: ' "Life is always dangerous—never forget that. In the end, perhaps, not only great natural forces, but the work of our own hands may destroy it. We are very near to that happening at this moment . . . " '

[page 13]

Information in quantum mechanics is carried by the difference of phase.

Anne Applebaum: Iron Curtain Another sad tale of human fate. Applebaum

Wednesday 5 December 2012

In many places self 'chosen' people have elected to become outcasts from the society from which they have become chosen.

Let us guess that the Universe is fundamentally democratic in the sense that what happens most frequently happens most frequently and the frequency of an event is proportional to the number of systems that can realize that event.

The horrors of a society gone wrong must motivate the search for how to guide a society rightly.

I convince people by convincing them that I am convinced, in the extreme case accepting martyrdom as proof of my conviction.

The Marxists, like the Christians, totally believed that they were right, which gave them, in their own minds, the right to kill anyone who disagreed with them.

To kill for an idea, an ephemeral content of mind.

Insofar as politics is a numbers game, quantum mechanics and politics are isomorphic (?).

[page 14]

Mistakes (errors) make the process longer so the cheapest route is the error free route, gained at minimal cost by coding according to Shannon. Claude Shannon

Pinker is in effect describing the effects of good religion. Pinker: The Better Angels of Our Nature

Thursday 6 December 2012

In the two slit experiment, particles are thought to 'interfere' with themselves, so guiding themselves to particular points on the screen which can be computed by superposing 'waves' that come through both of the slits. This must tell us something about how space-time guides quantum communication, and can be expanded to Dirac or Feynman's path integral formulation.

Friday 7 December 2012

Feynman & Hibbs Path Integral Feynman

Integration implies the existence of some continuous function which we are integrating which we cook up in the path integral approach by dividing each path into infinitesimal pieces < j | i >, multiplying them together to get the whole path < J | I > and then adding all the paths, on the rather outrageous assumption that this all happens in reality.

Applebaum page 192: 'Between the signing of the Yalta treaty, with its promise of elections in Eastern Europe, and Winston Churchill's " Iron Curtain " speech which foretold the rise of totalitarianism, a year elapse.

[page 25]

During that year a great many changes took place,. The Red Army brought Moscow trained secret policemen into every occupied country, put local communists in control of national radio stations, and began dismantling youth groups and other civic organizations. They arrested, murdered, and deported people whom they believed to be anti-Soviet and they brutally enforced a policy of ethnic cleansing.'

All while I was a baby!

Bringing religion back into the fold. The separation of Church and State has been necessary because the Church is so uncivilized, but given scientific theology [and evidence based religion] the Churches may eventually begin to fit in with the universal reality and give useful guidance to the political process.

The two slit experiment is representative of the very primitive and simple state of the Universe, and there is a symmetry there which defies explanation because it is effectively random, without fixed points.

Let us imagine that we can describe the initial singularity by the wuantum mechanics of a one dimensional Hilbert space, a one state system whose state vector is a complex scalar (?) The complexity is already a duality, the spawn of some previous symmetry breaking which we assume to be the bifurcation ofg pure action into potential and kinetic energy.

We imagine the complex vector having two extremities of opposite [maybe π / 2] phase and we name them the kinetic and potential

[page 16]

forms of energy, in logical terms memory and processing. Processes change memory but a memory may stay in the same state for a long period, that is a great number of elapsed operations of some clock. From a dynamic point of view, all that matters is the transition of the clock, and there is no way to measure how long the eternities between the actions last. This writing is such an eternity, a static system (form) that may be propagated through space and time in any suitable physical embodiment [and read anywhere and any time after it is published].

God = one state system = actus purus [Aristotle, Metaphysics, 1071b20] Aristotle

Feynman & Hibbs Preface viii 'During some conversations with a visiting European physicist, Feynman learned of a paper in which Dirac had suggested that the exponential function of was analogous to a transformation function for the quantum-mechanical wave function in that the wave function at one moment could be related to the wave function at the next moment (a time interval ε later) by multipying with such an exponential function.

Duality requires differentiation and one of the most interesting differences between mathematical entities is the differentiation between real and complex [or imaginary] numbers. Complex numbers can solve problems that real numbers cannot do. Every complex matrix has an eigenspectrum (?) Eigenvalues and eigenvectors - Wikipedia

F&H page 2: '[Quantum mechanics] asserts that there are experiments for which the exact outcome is fundamentally unpredictable and that in these cases one has to be satisfied with computing probabilities of various outcomes. But far

[page 17]

more fundamental was the discovery that in nature the laws of combining probabilities were not those of the classical probability theory of Laplace.'

The bifurcation of action into kinetic and potential energy is equivalent to the emergence of time, the characteristic of a two state system. The theory of the one state system was developed in some detail in ancient times and eventually became the classical model of the One, God. This developed from the conviction that this enormously complex and varied world can be traced down to a single source. Parmenides, Plato, Aristotle, Aquinas.

Behind the Iron Curtain Stalin set out to grind people to dust, to destroy all interpersonal relationships leaving only the individual and the state, the individuals being powerless before the state because all their connections to sources of power had been severed.

The notion of state antecedes [is more general, abstract than] the notions of space and time (or momentum and energy), but nevertheless we can describe states using spacetime as our independent variable.

The classical harmonic oscillator (like a pendulum) oscillates between potential and kinetic energy, in such a way as to keep their sum constant and there difference oscillating between + and - 1, but integrated over time = 0, ie action = 0 = + action + - action (creator and annihilator) both working at one to create PE by annihilating KE and vice versa. What about the quantum harmonic oscillator?

[page 18]

Saturday 8 December 2012

ψ(t + ε) = ψ(t) . eiε(T-V), L = T - V,.

Quantum harmonic oscillator = computer. Pendulum is simplest classical computer, transforming kinetic energy to potential and back.

Quantum mechanical processes take place 'behind' space and are projected onto space, rather as a computer works 'behind' the memory space, reading it and writing to it in an observable way. So we read the two slits and write a diffraction pattern.

I m rather bogged in the quantum mechanical problem although it seems in a way one can express the theology without solving the quantum mechanics, but then it would be rather like Christianity, theology by arbitrary assertion rather than by explanation. What I am basically looking for is a mechanism for creation, but must accept that insofar as a mechanism is deterministic it is not creative, and insofar as it is truly creative it is not deterministic and not therefore amenable to a casual explanation. The answer so far lies in symmetry and symmetry breaking, like the spinning and halting of a tossed coin.

What is random in quantum mechanics are not the eigenfunctions of the [measurement] operator, which are analogous to the faces of a die, but the choice of which eigenfunction to execute, analogous to breaking the symmetry of the die when one face lands uppermost. One

[page 19]

might say a deterministic process occurring at random, like mating.

Each swing of the quantum pendulum is a quantum of action and the rate of swinging is the energy the pendulum, E = hf.

What to do next. In some cases this is a predetermined part of a larger task like making a cake - now we crack the eggs. In other cases, when one has 'free time' it is a matter of somewhat random choice from a range of possibilities, make tea visit neighbours, unload car, etc nothing pressing. Each of these operations is an algorithm, but choice of algorithm is not algorithmic.

The root of it all is the quantum mechanical computation of probabilities constrained by what? Unitarity: the source emits one symbol ai at a time, constrained by the equation Σ pi = 1. | e |2 = 1.

Then comes an outside event which determines the next step.

One gathers from the struggles of the mystics that 'understanding' or 'experiencing' absolute simplicity is not easy. On the other hand the statement that God is a one or zero dimensional [isolated] quantum system has some sort of mathematical meaning, we 'extrapolate' down from to to 1 to 0 dimensions.

What the mystics are trying to do is quiet their own consciousness down to their idea of simplicity, ie to experience nothing rather than to simply understand

[page 20]

nothing. The nothing of experience is pure act, that is everything and nothing, essence identical to existence, ie essence is esse. The nothing of knowledge is simply the empty set, like the first element of an ordered set. As we can set our zero of energy anywhere (in physics) so we can choose how empty our empty set is, ie using general covariance, map any set to the empty set.

Forms generate passion, as I experience every time I see her, ie potential generates kinetic. The reverse also happens, in that kinetic energy can be converted into potential, creating a higher resolution representation of the form [creation]. A pendulum, like a quantum system, operates at constant entropy.

Over the last few decades it has become clear that we can represent physical processes as computations and a lot of scientific and technological effort is going into the development o quantum communication and quantum computation. At the quantum level, we need not distinguish communication and computation.

One dimension. Time is like half a dimension, only moving one way, or more to the point, having no direction, not so much a line as a dynamic point, a two state system. The use of complex numbers in quantum mechanics means that there are in effect, twice as many basis states as the dimension of the relevant Hilbert space. So all the state in the Hilbert space are 'split' by the duality of complex numbers.

[page 21]

Let us try to understand the fundamental processes in the Universe through addition. Multiplication is repeated addition, exponentiation is repeated multiplication. In order to make this system complete and reversible we need complex numbers, unitarity and the

Polya and Latta page 75: 'A complex function of a complex variable is equivalent to a pair of real functions of two real variables; only if the pair is exceptionally well assorted can we differentiate the complex function. Such well associated pairs of real functions have remarkable properties and are represented by mappings and vector fields of exceptional geometrical and physical importance. Polya & Latta

Derivative: ratio of output to input of continuous function.

Polya page 80: '. . . practically all real functions of a real variable that intervene in geometrical and physical problems possess a derivative. In the complex domain, differentiability is exceptional.

page 83: 'We now know under which conditions a pair of real functions u and v is well assorted and forms a differentiable complex function u + iv: the functions u and v must satisfy the Cauchy- Riemann equations [

∂u / ∂x = ∂v / ∂y, ∂u / ∂y = -∂v / ∂x].

A pair of functions so assorted is called a pair of conjugate functions.

A vector rotating in the complex plane models a two state system whose states are (say) i and 1.

[page 22]

Alternatively (page 82) ∂w / ∂x = 1/i ∂w / ∂y = -i ∂w / ∂y.

The inverse of i is its negative -i, -i . i = 1.

The complex domain is logically consistent but not observable.

Is potential energy positive or negative? Kinetic is considered positive, and we usually consider the potential at infinity to be zero and negative closer to home, ie we live in a potential well, as do electrons and all other bound (bonded) particles.

Theology is the theory of everything, fitting all the other sciences into a unified point of view, showing how the world is both many and consistently one.

Fundamental logical fixed points NOT and AND can be combined to create a universal computers. We say this often, but are we making any progress?

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Further reading

Books

Click on the "Amazon" link below each book entry to see details of a book (and possibly buy it!)

Applebaum, Anne, Iron Curtain: The Crusing of Eastern Europe 1944-1956, Doubleday 2012 'At the end of World War II, the Soviet Union to its surprise and delight found itself in control of a huge swath of territory in Eastern Europe. Stalin and his secret police set out to convert a dozen radically different countries to Communism, a completely new political and moral system. In Iron Curtain, Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Anne Applebaum describes how the Communist regimes of Eastern Europe were created and what daily life was like once they were complete. She draws on newly opened East European archives, interviews, and personal accounts translated for the first time to portray in devastating detail the dilemmas faced by millions of individuals trying to adjust to a way of life that challenged their every belief and took away everything they had accumulated. Today the Soviet Bloc is a lost civilization, one whose cruelty, paranoia, bizarre morality, and strange aesthetics Applebaum captures in the electrifying pages of Iron Curtain.'  
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Christie, Agatha, The Pale Horse, Bantam Books 1986 'This is a dark offering from the queen of crime. This represents the world-famous author's most successful foray into the dark world of murder and black magic. To understand the strange goings on at The Pale Horse Inn, Mark Easterbrook knew he had to begin at the beginning. But where exactly was the beginning? Was it the savage blow to the back of Father Gorman's head? Or was it when the priest's assailant searched him so roughly he tore the clergyman's cassock? Or could it have been the priest's visit, just minutes before, to a woman on her death bed? Or was there a deeper significance to the violent squabble which Mark Easterbrook had himself witnessed earlier? Wherever the beginning lies, Mark and his sidekick, Ginger Corrigan, may soon have cause to wish they'd never found it!' 
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Feynman, Richard P, and Albert P Hibbs, Quantum Mechanics and Path Integrals, McGraw Hill 1965 Preface: 'The fundamental physical and mathematical concepts which underlie the path integral approach were first developed by R P Feynman in the course of his graduate studies at Princeton, ... . These early inquiries were involved with the problem of the infinte self-energy of the electron. In working on that problem, a "least action" principle was discovered [which] could deal succesfully with the infinity arising in the application of classical electrodynamics.' As described in this book. Feynam, inspired by Dirac, went on the develop this insight into a fruitful source of solutions to many quantum mechanical problems.  
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Feynman, Richard, Feynman Lectures on Gravitation, Westview Press 2002 Amazon Editorial Reviews Book Description 'The Feynman Lectures on Gravitation are based on notes prepared during a course on gravitational physics that Richard Feynman taught at Caltech during the 1962-63 academic year. For several years prior to these lectures, Feynman thought long and hard about the fundamental problems in gravitational physics, yet he published very little. These lectures represent a useful record of his viewpoints and some of his insights into gravity and its application to cosmology, superstars, wormholes, and gravitational waves at that particular time. The lectures also contain a number of fascinating digressions and asides on the foundations of physics and other issues. Characteristically, Feynman took an untraditional non-geometric approach to gravitation and general relativity based on the underlying quantum aspects of gravity. Hence, these lectures contain a unique pedagogical account of the development of Einstein's general theory of relativity as the inevitable result of the demand for a self-consistent theory of a massless spin-2 field (the graviton) coupled to the energy-momentum tensor of matter. This approach also demonstrates the intimate and fundamental connection between gauge invariance and the principle of equivalence.' 
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Pinker, Steven, The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined, Viking Adult 2011 Amazon book description: 'A provocative history of violence—from the New York Times bestselling author of The Stuff of Thought and The Blank Slate Believe it or not, today we may be living in the most peaceful moment in our species' existence. In his gripping and controversial new work, New York Times bestselling author Steven Pinker shows that despite the ceaseless news about war, crime, and terrorism, violence has actually been in decline over long stretches of history. Exploding myths about humankind's inherent violence and the curse of modernity, this ambitious book continues Pinker's exploration of the essence of human nature, mixing psychology and history to provide a remarkable picture of an increasingly enlightened world.' 
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Polya, George, and Gordon Latta, Complex Variables, John Wiley & Sons Inc 1974 Preface: 'After having lectured for several decades on complex variables to prospective engineers and physicists, I have definite and, I hope, not unrealistic ideas about their requirements and preferences. . . .

I hope that this book is useful not only to future engineers and physicists, but also to future mathematicians. Mathematical concepts and facts gain in vividness and clarity if they are well connected with the world around us and with general ideas, and if we obtain them by our own work through successive stages instead of in one lump.' 
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Zee, Anthony, Quantum Field Theory in a Nutshell, Princeton University Press 2003 Amazon book description: 'An esteemed researcher and acclaimed popular author takes up the challenge of providing a clear, relatively brief, and fully up-to-date introduction to one of the most vital but notoriously difficult subjects in theoretical physics. A quantum field theory text for the twenty-first century, this book makes the essential tool of modern theoretical physics available to any student who has completed a course on quantum mechanics and is eager to go on. Quantum field theory was invented to deal simultaneously with special relativity and quantum mechanics, the two greatest discoveries of early twentieth-century physics, but it has become increasingly important to many areas of physics. These days, physicists turn to quantum field theory to describe a multitude of phenomena. Stressing critical ideas and insights, Zee uses numerous examples to lead students to a true conceptual understanding of quantum field theory--what it means and what it can do. He covers an unusually diverse range of topics, including various contemporary developments,while guiding readers through thoughtfully designed problems. In contrast to previous texts, Zee incorporates gravity from the outset and discusses the innovative use of quantum field theory in modern condensed matter theory. Without a solid understanding of quantum field theory, no student can claim to have mastered contemporary theoretical physics. Offering a remarkably accessible conceptual introduction, this text will be widely welcomed and used.  
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Papers
Benford, Gregory, "Where might it lead?", Nature, 414, 6862, 22 November 2001, page 399. back
Links
Aristotle The Internet Classics Archive | Works by Aristotle A comprehensive database of Aristotle's works. back
Claude Shannon Communication in the Presence of Noise 'A method is developed for representing any communication system geometrically. Messages and the corresponding signals are points in two “function spaces,” and the modulation process is a mapping of one space into the other. Using this representation, a number of results in communication theory are deduced concerning expansion and compression of bandwidth and the threshold effect. Formulas are found for the maximum rate of transmission of binary digits over a system when the signal is perturbed by various types of noise. Some of the properties of “ideal” systems which transmit at this maximum rate are discussed. The equivalent number of binary digits per second for certain information sources is calculated.' back
Eigenvalues and eigenvectors - Wikipedia Eigenvalues and eigenvectors - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 'An eigenvector of a square matrix is a non-zero vector that, when multiplied by the matrix, yields a vector that differs from the original at most by a multiplicative scalar.' back
Eugene Wigner The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences 'The first point is that the enormous usefulness of mathematics in the natural sciences is something bordering on the mysterious and that there is no rational explanation for it. Second, it is just this uncanny usefulness of mathematical concepts that raises the question of the uniqueness of our physical theories.' back
Fourier analysis - Wikipedia Fourier analysis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 'Fourier analysis, named after Joseph Fourier's introduction of the Fourier series, is the decomposition of a function in terms of a sum of sinusoidal basis functions (vs. their frequencies) that can be recombined to obtain the original function. That process of recombining the sinusoidal basis functions is also called Fourier synthesis (in which case Fourier analysis refers specifically to the decomposition process).' back
John Burnet John Burnet's Early Greek Philosophy: chapter IV, Parmenides of Elea: 85: The Poem back

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