Khinchin (1961), Aleksandr Yakovlevich, Analytical Foundations of Physical Statistics, Hindustan Publishing Co 1961 ' The fundamental purpose of these researches is to show that the modern probability theory possesses an analytical method whose elementary application permits a rigorous and exact foundation for all the most important formulae of quantum statistic, which are not found by anoy other analytical apparatus.' 
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Al Jazeera, Photos: Byzantine mosaics discovered under Gaza farm, ' Byzantine mosaics dating from the 5th to the 7th century have been unveiled in the central Gaza Strip on Friday. Farmer Salman al-Nabahin unearthed the relic six months ago while working in his olive orchard in the Bureij refugee camp. He then spent three months excavating it with the help of his son. The mosaic floor, boasting 17 iconographies of beasts and birds, is well-preserved and its colours are bright. . . . The Gaza Strip, a Palestinian coastal enclave between Israel and Egypt, was a bustling trade route between Egypt and the Levant in ancient times. The coastal strip is full of remains of ancient civilizations, from the Bronze Age to the Islamic and Ottoman eras. The Gaza Strip has been blockaded by Israel since 2007, resulting in half of its population of two million living in poverty today and unemployment of about 45 percent.' back

Al Jazeera: 2022_09_22, Joint investigation finds Abu Akleh’s killing ‘deliberate’, ' A joint probe by Forensic Architecture and Al-Haq uncovers evidence that an Israeli sniper repeatedly shot at Palestinian reporter Shireen Abu Akleh. The probe examined the Israeli sniper’s precise angle of fire, and concluded that the sniper was able to clearly tell that there were journalists in the area. It also ruled out the possibility of confrontations between Israeli forces and Palestinians in Jenin at the time of the attack. According to the investigation, for which Al Jazeera provided material, the Israeli sniper shot for two minutes, and deliberately targeted those who tried to rescue Abu Akleh. The sniper shot three times, releasing six bullets the first time, then after eight seconds, seven more. One of these bullets was the one that killed Abu Akleh, hitting her just under her helmet.' back

AlJazeera: Explainer 23 Sep 2022, Mahsa Amini’s death sparks anger towards Iran’s morality police, ' A week of protests has rocked Iran after a young woman died after being detained by the country’s so-called morality police. The 22-year-old Mahsa Amini had travelled to Tehran with family from the northwestern Kurdistan province when she was detained for what the police deemed to be “immodest clothing” on Mahsa Amini protests: US sanctions Iran’s ‘morality police’ Iran’s protesters have had enough after Mahsa Amini’s death Authorities claimed that she had a heart attack while staying in a “guidance centre” – a type of re-education centre where women are taught how to follow Iran’s rules on female clothing. After her death, on September 16, Iranians took to the streets across the country, calling for justice for Amini, angry at the authorities and morality police, who they blame for her death. Some women have publicly cut their hair and burned their headscarves, in defiance of the Iranian authorities.' back

Aquinas, Summa, I, 8, 3, Is God everywhere by essence, power and presence?, ' Therefore, God is in all things by His power, inasmuch as all things are subject to His power; He is by His presence in all things, as all things are bare and open to His eyes; He is in all things by His essence, inasmuch as He is present to all as the cause of their being.' back

Aquinas, Summa, I, 8, 4, Does to be everywhere belong to God alone?, ' It belongs therefore to a thing to be everywhere absolutely when, on any supposition, it must be everywhere; and this properly belongs to God alone. For whatever number of places be supposed, even if an infinite number be supposed besides what already exist, it would be necessary that God should be in all of them; for nothing can exist except by Him. Therefore to be everywhere primarily and absolutely belongs to God and is proper to Him: because whatever number of places be supposed to exist, God must be in all of them, not as to a part of Him, but as to His very self.' back

Banco, Furlong, & Pfahler, How Bill Gates and partners used their clout to control the global Covid response — with little oversight , ' The four organizations had worked together in the past, and three of them shared a common history. The largest and most powerful was the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, one of the largest philanthropies in the world. Then there was Gavi, the global vaccine organization that Gates helped to found to inoculate people in low-income nations, and the Wellcome Trust, a British research foundation with a multibillion dollar endowment that had worked with the Gates Foundation in previous years. Finally, there was the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, or CEPI, the international vaccine research and development group that Gates and Wellcome both helped to create in 2017.' back

Christopher Shields (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy), The Active Mind of De Anima III 5 , ' After characterizingnous the mind (nous) and its activities in De Animaiii 4, Aristotle takes a surprising turn. In De Anima iii 5, he introduces an obscure and hotly disputed subject: the active mind or active intellect (nous poiêtikos). Controversy surrounds almost every aspect of De Anima iii 5, not least because in it Aristotle characterizes the active mind—a topic mentioned nowhere else in his entire corpus—as ‘separate and unaffected and unmixed, being in its essence actuality’ (chôristos kai apathês kai amigês, tê ousia energeia; DA iii 5, 430a17–18) and then also as ‘deathless and everlasting’ (athanaton kai aidion; DA iii 5, 430a23). This comes as no small surprise to readers of De Anima, because Aristotle had earlier in the same work treated the mind (nous) as but one faculty (dunamis) of the soul (psuchê), and he had contended that the soul as a whole is not separable from the body (DA ii 1, 413a3–5). back

Clara Hernanz Lizarraga, Cambridge University ‘Benefited Directly’ From Slavery, Study Finds, ' Cambridge University benefited directly from enslavement and the slave trade, a three-year enquiry has found. While Cambridge has often celebrated its well-known abolitionists, like Thomas Clarkson and William Wilberforce, a new report shows that the institution benefitted substantially from the slave trade over many years, with a significant part of the university’s funding derived from the exploitation of enslaved people. The research was conducted by two Cambridge post-doctoral researchers appointed by the Advisory Group on the Legacies of Enslavement, a group of senior academics, student and alumni representatives chaired by Professor Martin Millet, the Laurence Professor of Classical Archaeology.' back

Cynthia Sear & Andrew Dawson, ‘An obsession with order, hierarchy, and one’s place within it’: what The Queue says about Englishness , ' As we have seen from coverage of “The Queue” – capitalised and thus now, apparently, a proper noun – the English are proud of their queuing prowess. The Queue for the queen lying in state is portrayed as testament to the English ideals of civility, duty and sacrifice. David Beckham’s 13-hour wait in the crowd was widely praised, while TV hosts Holly Willoughby and Phillip Schofield’s alleged (although denied) “push-in” has been admonished. But The Queue is part of a bigger picture. Like class, the English propensity to celebrate queuing illuminates a peculiar national obsession with order, hierarchy, and one’s place within it.' back

Facebook - Wikipedia, Facebook - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, ' Facebook is an online social media and social networking service owned by American company Meta Platforms. Founded in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg with fellow Harvard College students and roommates Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz, and Chris Hughes, its name comes from the face book directories often given to American university students. Membership was initially limited to Harvard students, gradually expanding to other North American universities and, since 2006, anyone over 13 years old. As of July 2022, Facebook claimed 2.93 billion monthly active users,[6] and ranked third worldwide among the most visited websites as of July 2022.[7] It was the most downloaded mobile app of the 2010s.' back

Isabelle Gerretson, The remarkable power of Australian kelp, ' Froelich is the lead author of a study that found farming seaweed in just 3.8% of federal waters off the Californian coast could offset all the carbon emissions from the state's $50bn (£36bn) agriculture industry. The study concluded that 48 million sq km (18.5 million sq miles) of the world's oceans are suitable for seaweed cultivation – an area about six times the size of Australia. "It is an untapped potential," Froelich says.' back

Jane O'Grady, Saul Kripke obituary, ' In 1970, the philosopher Saul Kripke, who has died aged 81, gave three lectures at Princeton University that shook up Anglo-American philosophy. Speaking without notes, he interwove topics in the separate fields of modal logic (concerning necessity and possibility), philosophy of language and philosophy of mind, transformed each, and resuscitated metaphysics.' back

John Wright, Why should we trust science? Because it doesn’t trust itself, ' Many of us accept science is a reliable guide to what we ought to believe – but not all of us do. Mistrust of science has led to scepticism around several important issues, from climate change denial to vaccine hesitancy during the COVID pandemic. And while most of us may be inclined to dismiss such scepticism as unwarranted, it does raise the question: why ought we to trust science? As a philosopher with a focus on the philosophy of science, I’m particularly intrigued by this question. As it turns out, diving into the works of great thinkers can help provide an answer.' back

Mozor, Satariano, Krolik & Aufrichtig, ‘They Are Watching’: Inside Russia’s Vast Surveillance State, ' A cache of nearly 160,000 files from Russia’s powerful internet regulator provides a rare glimpse inside Vladimir V. Putin’s digital crackdown. . . . Four days into the war in Ukraine, Russia’s expansive surveillance and censorship apparatus was already hard at work. Roughly 800 miles east of Moscow, authorities in the Republic of Bashkortostan, one of Russia’s 85 regions, were busy tabulating the mood of comments in social media messages. They marked down YouTube posts that they said criticized the Russian government. They noted the reaction to a local protest. Then they compiled their findings. One report about the “destabilization of Russian society” pointed to an editorial from a news site deemed “oppositional” to the government that said President Vladimir V. Putin was pursuing his own self-interest by invading Ukraine. A dossier elsewhere on file detailed who owned the site and where they lived.' back

Pterodactylus - Wikipedia, Pterodactylus - Wikipediam the free encyclopedia, ' Pterodactylus (from Greek pterodáktylos (πτεροδάκτυλος) meaning 'winged finger'[2]) is an extinct genus of pterosaurs. It is thought to contain only a single species, Pterodactylus antiquus, which was the first pterosaur to be named and identified as a flying reptile. Fossil remains of Pterodactylus have primarily been found in the Solnhofen limestone of Bavaria, Germany, which dates from the Late Jurassic period (early Tithonian stage), about 150.8 to 148.5 million years ago.' back

Sam Jones, This Acrobatic Hunting Trick Is Straight Out of the Spider-Verse, ' He views spiders as nature’s engineers that design a range of “silk tools” — including webs and super sticky silk lines like those of the ant-slayers — to take down prey larger than themselves. Dr. Bhamla says humans don’t treat arachnids and insects “as being capable of building tools; we think of humans and primates being the ones doing it.” He added, “Now you have these spiders, which have come up with another way to go after these ants".' back

Silvestre, Fulbee-Dexter & Wernberg, Ever heard of ocean forests? They’re larger than the Amazon and more productive than we thought, ' Hidden underwater are huge kelp and seaweed forests, stretching much further than we previously realised. Few are even named. But their lush canopies are home to huge numbers of marine species. Off the coastline of southern Africa lies the Great African Seaforest, while Australia boasts the Great Southern Reef around its southern reaches. There are many more vast but unnamed underwater forests all over the world. Our new research has discovered just how extensive and productive they are. The world’s ocean forests, we found, cover an area twice the size of India. ' back

Snejama Farberov, Putin’s top priest tells Russians not to fear death amid mobilization , ' The head of the Russian Orthodox Church urged Russians not to fear death after some 300,000 reservists were called up to fight in Ukraine. “Go bravely to fulfill your military duty. And remember that if you lay down your life for your country, you will be with God in his kingdom, glory and eternal life,” Patriarch Kirill, a staunch ally of President Vladimir Putin, said in a sermon at the Zachatyevsky Monastery in Moscow on Wednesday. Kirill, who has justified the invasion of Ukraine by arguing that Russians and Ukrainians were historically one people, said in his sermon that a person of “true faith” is not afraid of dying. According to the clergyman, a person becomes “invincible” when he stops fearing death. “It is the fear of death that drives a warrior from the battlefield, that prompts the weak to commit betrayal and sets brother against brother. But true faith destroys the fear of death,” Kirill pontificated following a liturgy celebrating the birth of the Virgin Mary.' back

Sola Fide - Wikipedia, Sola Fide - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, ' Justificatio sola fide (or simply sola fide), meaning justification by faith alone, is a soteriological doctrine in Christian theology commonly held to distinguish the Lutheran and Reformed traditions of Protestantism, among others, from the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox and Assyrian churches. The doctrine asserts that it is on the basis of faith that believers are made right of their transgressions of the law of God rather than on the basis of what Paul calls "works of the law", sometimes called good works. This forgiveness is known as "justification". back

The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2009 film) - Wikipedia, The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2009 film) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, ' The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (Swedish: Män som hatar kvinnor, lit. 'Men who hate women') is a 2009 Swedish-Danish crime thriller film with German co-production directed by Niels Arden Oplev from a screenplay by Rasmus Heisterberg and Nikolaj Arcel and produced by Søren Stærmose, based on the 2005 novel of the same name by Swedish writer Stieg Larsson, the first entry in his Millennium series. The film stars Michael Nyqvist and Noomi Rapace. That same year, two sequels, The Girl Who Played with Fire and The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest, were released in September and November, respectively.' back

William Blake (Library of Congress), The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, ' Notes - "A song of liberty": plates 25-27. - Printed in green on 27 leaves from plates containing both text and illustrations. Hand colored. Leaves numbered in manuscript. - Library of Congress. Lessing J. Rosenwald collection, 1799 - English short title catalogue, N34920 - Keynes, G.L. Bibliography of W. Blake (New York, 1921), 36E - Keynes & Wolf, William Blake's illuminated books, copy D - Also available in digital form on the Library of Congress Web site. - LC copy: Two original water colors by Blake for this book bound in. - LAC knj 2019-12-17 update (1 card) - LAC ddw 2022-04-11 update (1 card) back

William Blake (Project Gutenberg), The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, ' CHORUS Let the Priests of the Raven of Dawn, no longer in deadly black, with hoarse note curse the Sons of Joy. Nor his accepted brethren whom, tyrant, he calls free, lay the bound or build the roof. Nor pale religious lechery call that virginity that wishes, but acts not! For everything that lives is holy.' back

Zero-sum game - Wikipedia, Zero-sum game - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, ' Zero-sum game is a mathematical representation in game theory and economic theory of a situation which involves two sides, where the result is an advantage for one side and an equivalent loss for the other. In other word, player one gain is equivalent to player two loss, therefore the net improvement in benefit of the game is zero. If the total gains of the participants are added up, and the total losses are subtracted, they will sum to zero. Thus, cutting a cake, where taking a more significant piece reduces the amount of cake available for others as much as it increases the amount available for that taker, is a zero-sum game if all participants value each unit of cake equally.' back