natural theology

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vol VII: Notes

2019

Notes

Sunday 14 July 2019 - Saturday 20 July 2019

[Notebook: DB 83: Physical Theology]

[page 272]

Sunday 14 July 2019

Error is the saddest thing, the cause of death. One role of theology is to debug society. Debugging - Wikipedia

[page 273]

Ai Weiwei Ai Weiwei: Can Hong Kong's Resistance Win?

Comment on above article:

The people of Hong Kong should never give up. Even if they fail, others will succeed. The totalitarian and theoretically non existent Communist Party of China is swimming against the current of reality, like all totalitarians. Our enormous and majestic universe works by one simple rule: entropy, that is creation, tends to a maximum. If this were not so, it would still be a cloud of hydrogen, or something even simpler, rather than the amazing system we inhabit. Human entropy is maximised by equality, so the key to human progress is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights that demands that we all treat each other as equals. This Declaration is violated by all forms of supremacy, sexism, racism, and the obscene power arising from wealth, violence and corruption. Xi, the Pope and all the other autocrats in the world are the last gasp of a dying tradition, to be terminated by the cardinal virtues of faith in the real world, hope that we can make things better and love that makes the world turn. McGregor: The Party: The Secret World of China's Communist Rulers

Theology, politics and mental health. Amy Remeikis: Alastair Campbell on the 'populist virus' and why Bill Shorten lost

Two problems for the third chapter [of my thesis], to be solved by applied networking: creation and evil.

All we need to get the logical physics going is a model for quantum mechanics and special relativity without actually becoming involved in actual calculation, ie a conceptual model along the lines I have explored in various essays that I hope are slowly edging toward the key insight - which might already be in place and I have not recognised it, or may turn out to be impossible, but insofar as space-time and quantum mechanics are deterministic, a computable network solution seems to be inevitable. Prove this, rather like Shannon or Kirchoff, an existence proof with actual functional forms to be advised by people Like Max Planck or codec developers. Claude Shannon: Communication in the Presence of Noise, Kirchoff's law of thermal radiation - Wikipedia, Planck's Law - Wikipedia, Codec - Wikipedia

I find writing this stuff exciting, rather sexy where we see potential insight as analogous to a potential orgasm, both analogous to a halted computation involving a vast and complex network of processors, sensory inputs, neural computations and muscular outputs acting in a cyclic manner until a stationary equilibrial endpoint is reached, a Cartesian clear and distinct idea.

Complex numbers work so well in quantum mechanics that we feel that they must be real. Perhaps they represent sequential actions like waves or steps in a computation.

[page 274]

Baby Thomas says quid est hoc quod est esse to the nurse giving him a bath. Ancient [hagiographical] memory. [Can't find] any reference.

Vanity Fair: She Walks in Beauty Lord Byron

Bertrand Russell: 'The point of philosophy is to start with something so simple as to seem not worth stating and to end up with something so paradoxical that no one ill believe it.' (Philosophy of Logical Atomism, 53) Bertrand Russell

A stiff neck for the first time in years. In the past it seemed to be a harbinger of some serious insight, a sort of release on the low temperature side of the Carnot cycle that drives my mind, that is maintains my mental function at zero entropy, that is determinism.

Monday 15 July 2019

Everything comes down to birth and death and we seek to understand them in both philosophy and physics.

Two problems: evil and creation.

Theology and religion are mental phenomena, designed to induce good feeling through faith giving hope that love will prevail.

Some data is compressible, but maybe most is not insofar as it approaches randomness. We (and nature) select compressible data because it is easier to error proof it. Gregory J. Chaitin: Randomness and Mathematical Proof

[page 275]

The simplest [global] transformation of the symmetric group is a shift to L or R, and if we shift it a full circle we have a version of the circle group U(1). We may see the full symmetric group as the most complex of any order and all other are in effect compressed versions of the symmetric group, many transformations of which may be incompressible, ie unable to be expressed as an algorithm [only as a lookup table].

To enable a mathematical expression of digital computation as a 'wave function' we invent rational complex numbers.

Ideas are catching, like viruses and serve as an example of bosonic behaviour.

Acting with knowledge is much more effective than acting at random [since to act correctly with knowledge requires just one try, whereas acting correctly at random will probably require many tries, but can nevertheless yield good results at some great cost].

Knowledge has two functions: comfort and confidence, and effective action.

Knowledge = entanglement [ie a predicatble outcome].

The purpose of scientific theology is to replace arbitrary and capricious gods with a reliable observable universe.

Tuesday 16 July 2019 2019

How do I feel? On the down side of neutral. I am not understood. What to do about it? Keep working toward clarity, as my old mate Descartes would advise. get my views clear and distinct, ie create intelligible art. At least my shares are going up again. Market opened 10 minutes ago and I am +500 but what will the rest of the day bring? Not that happy with myself, however. Waiting for a new inspiration to surface and the sun to come out so I can get back to work.

[page 276]

Meanwhile preparing my scepticism essay for web publication and response to criticism and low mark (2B). Essay 25: Is the whole truth inaccessible? A case for invincible ignorance

Gurrumul Gurrumul (film) - Wikipedia

My trip to Adelaide has run aground and it is time to regroup to work out how to express myself and get people to listen. The first step is a review of the skepticism essay which I will do while I am marking it up for the net.

Theology and religion are the core of diplomacy and peacemaking, taking a view of the whole, the whole person, the whole planet, the whole cosmos. The upshot of this is that I must become more political in the department, ie don't get depressed, get active.

One good thing Trump is doing for the world is neutralizing the US pretension to be the world's wise police person, opening the way for European and Arab wisdom to play a prominent part in world affairs.

Theology: take care of one another - love neighbour as yourself.

The quantum of action has dimensions of angular momentum, ML2T-1. One quantum represents one turn, 2π. radians, represented by the circle group. An implementation of Aristotelian circular motion, not in the heavens where ellipses rule but in the microscopic world so simple that there is no way a circle could be other than perfect. The energy of a photon is equal to its number of revolutions per

[page 277]

second, E = ℏω. All this is so simple it is difficult to understand. A bit like trying to meditate with an empty mind. Maybe I will never understand anything. What is the value of thought? To formulate action, as William James makes so clear. My target is a simple and comprehensive theology. free from all the mythological overlay of ancient royal adventures. William James: Psychology: The Briefer Course

A text is a formal representation of a quantum of action (which might comprise any number of atomic quanta of action), having a beginning, a middle and an end, just as a life is the execution of an action.

Logically a quantum of action is a complete circuit back to the beginning, that is out and back again, that is reversible, so that it is not just not (a half turn) but not not a full turn, an event embodying a reversal like a Carnot cycle or a quantum event (as long as there is no observation and loss of unitarity).

Consummation, halting, completion, entelecheia perfection.

Everything has two representations, one static and one formal, a potential (an essence) and the other actual and dynamic. We see it in the pendulum, first high and still with potential energy and then low and fast with kinetic energy, the cycle of potential, kinetic, potential . . . potential is not kinetic and vice versa [and in electromagnetic radiation, magnetic and electric are two interacting forms of energy].

My approach for the last few decades has been very reductionist, inspired by Aquinas; omnino simplex God, which has no form, its essence identical to its existence so that it has constraints on it other than consistency, which flowers into the Cantor universe

[page 278]

My theological development has been difficult, tunnelling through a lifetime of hard rock, but now well into my seventies I have begun to see the light, putting aside the myths of the past and growing in my faith in the world and the possibilities of heaven on earth overcoming hell on earth. Ariana Grande, One Love Manchester. Ariana Grande: One Love Manchester (June 4th 2017)

Wednesday 17 July 2019
Thursday 18 July 2019
Burns page 277: '90% of life is showing up.' William J. Burns: The Back Channel
Friday 19 July 2019
Saturday 20 July June 2019

. . .

Damasio, feeling and value. "If enough people agree on a subjective value it becomes objective" and, in a democracy, its proponents get voted in. Antonio Damasio: The Feeling of What Happens: Body and Emotion in the Making of Consciousness, This site: An Essay on Value (1992)

Feeling vs clear and distinct ideas. We mainly express our ideas in discrete words, sentence, images, sounds, and so on [ie body language in general, internal and external], items with higher entropy but perhaps less force than feelings which at their strongest can lead to suicide, martyrdom, murder and violence, all in effect low entropy high energy activities.

Our ability to control things is increased with more precision [and] understanding to a successful technology is one that addresses and controls all possible future modes. This is the role of good

[page 279]

government, to prevent anything from going wrong and to have the headroom to correct errors when they do occur, subject to the clear understanding that prevention is better than cure. So with communisation. What we are asking for here is more clear and distinct ideas, that s more error free communication. Nevertheless we are limited by the invisibility theorem. There are things we cannot know [see] and this is implemented by spacelike separation in Minkowski space. So do we conclude that the invisibility theorem i the foundation of spacelike separation which is the relativistic explanation of independence which is the foundation of probability theory,uncertainty and the creativity and increase in entropy that makes the world possible. Minkowski space - Wikipedia, This site: Development / II_Model / 6_Invisibility

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Further reading

Books

Click on the "Amazon" link below each book entry to see details of a book (and possibly buy it!)

Burns, William J., The Back Channel, Random House 2019 Jacket: 'Over the course of more than three decades as an American diplomat, William J. Burns played a central role in the most consequential episodes of the time—from the bloodless end to the Cold War to the collapse of post-cold War relations with Putin's Russia, from the post-9/11 tumult in the Middle East to the secret nuclear talks with Iran. Burns is widely admiredas one of themost distinguished and admired American statesmen of the last half century.' 
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Damasio, Antonio R, The Feeling of What Happens: Body and Emotion in the Making of Consciousness, Harcourt Brace 1999 Jacket: 'In a radical departure from current views on consciousness, Damasio contends that explaining how we make mental images or attend to those images will not suffice to elucidate the mystery. A satisfactory hypothesis for the making of consciousness must explain how the sense of self comes to mind. Damasio suggests that the sense of self does not depend on memory or on reasoning or even less on language. [it] depends, he argues, on the brain's ability to portray the living organism in the act of relating to an object. That ability, in turn, is a consequence of the brain's involvement in the process of regulating life. The sense of self began as yet another device aimed an ensuring survival.' 
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McGregor, Richard, The Party: The Secret World of China's Communist Rulers, Harper 2010 Amazon editorial review: From Publishers Weekly 'McGregor, a journalist at the Financial Times, begins his revelatory and scrupulously reported book with a provocative comparison between China's Communist Party and the Vatican for their shared cultures of secrecy, pervasive influence, and impenetrability. The author pulls back the curtain on the Party to consider its influence over the industrial economy, military, and local governments. McGregor describes a system operating on a Leninist blueprint and deeply at odds with Western standards of management and transparency. Corruption and the tension between decentralization and national control are recurring themes--and are highlighted in the Party™s handling of the disturbing Sanlu case, in which thousands of babies were poisoned by contaminated milk powder. McGregor makes a clear and convincing case that the 1989 backlash against the Party, inexorable globalization, and technological innovations in communication have made it incumbent on the Party to evolve, and this smart, authoritative book provides valuable insight into how it has--and has not--met the challenge. ' Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 
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Russell, Bertrand, Philosophy of Logical Atomism, Routledge 2009 ' Logical Atomism is a philosophy that sought to account for the world in all its various aspects by relating it to the structure of the language in which we articulate information. In The Philosophy of Logical Atomism, Bertrand Russell, with input from his young student Ludwig Wittgenstein, developed the concept and argues for a reformed language based on pure logic. Despite Russell’s own future doubts surrounding the concept, this founding and definitive work in analytical philosophy by one of the world’s most significant philosophers is a remarkable attempt to establish a novel way of thinking.' 
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van der Waerden, B L, Sources of Quantum Mechanics, Dover Publications 1968 Amazon Book Description: 'Seventeen seminal papers, dating from the years 1917-26, in which the quantum theory as wenow know it was developed and formulated. Among the scientists represented: Einstein,Ehrenfest, Bohr, Born, Van Vleck, Heisenberg, Dirac, Pauli and Jordan. All 17 papers translatedinto English.' 
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Links

Ai Weiwei, China's censorship can never defeat the internet, 'The internet is uncontrollable. And if the internet is uncontrollable, freedom will win. It's as simple as that.' back

Amy Remeikis, Alastair Campbell on the 'populist virus' and why Bill Shorten lost, ' “And I think the media changes, not just social media, but the mainstream media has been part of this as well, with the 24/7 news and the way that has changed the nature of news. I think newspapers – not least the influence of Murdoch and others – I think that absolute politicisation, and polarisation of the news media debate, has been exploited and exasperated by populism.” ' back

Ariana Grande, One Love Manchester (June 4th 2017), '
Ariana Grande source Official
Ariana Grande source Offical
6 months ago
[05:55] Mumford & Sons - Timshel
[09:23] Take That - Shine
[13:10] Take That - Giants
[17:44] Take That - Rule the world
[22:40] Robbie Williams - Strong
[28:35] Robbie Williams - Angels
[34:40] Pharrel Williams & Marcus Mumford - Get Lucky
[39:10] Pharrel Williams & Miley Cyrus - Happy
[45:06] Miley Cyrus - Inspired
[49:00] Nial Horan - Slow Hands
[53:08] Nial Horan - This town
[1:02:25] Ariana Grande - Be Alright
[1:06:30] Ariana Grande - Break Free
[1:12:24] Little Mix - Wings
[1:17:55] Ariana Grande & Victoria Monet - Better Days
[1:20:50] Ariana Grande & Black Eyed Peas - Where is the love?
[1:28:30] Imogen Heap - Hide and Seek
[1:34:12] PARRS Woods Highschool Choir & Ariana Grande - My Everything

[1:38:17] Mac Miller & Ariana Grande - The Way
[1:42:07] Mac Miller & Ariana Grande - Dang! [1:48:25] Ariana Grande & Miley Cyrus - Don't Dream It's Ov
[1:54:14] Ariana Grande - Side to Side
[2:00:25] Katy Perry - Part of me
[2:04:43] Katy Perry - Roar
[2:11:35] Justin Bieber - Love Yourself
[2:14:54] Justin Bieber - Cold Water
[2:19:44] Ariana Grande - Love me harder
[2:27:00] ColdPlay & Ariana Grande - don't look back in anger
[2:31:50] ColdPlay - Fix You
[2:37:20] Coldplay - Vida La Vida
[2:41:25] Chainsmokers & Coldplay - Something Just Like This
[2:49:05] Liam Gallagher - Rock n Roll Star
[2:53:55] Liam Gallagher - Wall of Glass
[2:57:50] Liam Gallagher - Live Forever
[3:03:36] Ariana Grande - One Last Time
[3:08:30] Ariana Grande - Somewhere over the rainbow
back

Claire Smith, Gary Jackson & Jordan Ralph, Budj Bim's world heritage lsting is an Australian first - what other Indigenous cultural sites could be next?, ' Could the Budj Bim listing open the door to other Australian Indigenous sites obtaining a World Heritage listing? Here are five that certainly deserve greater attention. When considering them it’s important to understand how ancestral beings inhabit living Indigenous landscapes, which they created during the era known as the Dreaming. Today, these beings continue to live in the land. They are seen by Indigenous people as powerful and intelligent, with the capacity to hurt those who don’t act in the right way. They can be in different places at the same time. And they see everything.' back

Claude Shannon, Communication in the Presence of Noise, 'A method is developed for representing any communication system geometrically. Messages and the corresponding signals are points in two “function spaces,” and the modulation process is a mapping of one space into the other. Using this representation, a number of results in communication theory are deduced concerning expansion and compression of bandwidth and the threshold effect. Formulas are found for the maximum rate of transmission of binary digits over a system when the signal is perturbed by various types of noise. Some of the properties of “ideal” systems which transmit at this maximum rate are discussed. The equivalent number of binary digits per second for certain information sources is calculated.' [C. E. Shannon , “Communication in the presence of noise,” Proc. IRE, vol. 37, pp. 10–21, Jan. 1949.] back

Codec - Wikipedia, Codec - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'A codec is a device or computer program capable of encoding or decoding a digital data stream or signal. Codec is a portmanteau of coder-decoder or, less commonly, compressor-decompressor.' back

Commonwealth of Australia, National Heritage Places - Dampier Archipelago (including Burrup Peninsula), ' On the magnificent Dampier Archipelago in Western Australia, where the striking red earth of the Burrup Peninsula meets the blue Indian Ocean, rock engravings thought to number in the millions and other significant sites are helping us learn more about our Indigenous heritage. . . . The Archipelago was formed 6-8000 years ago when rising sea levels flooded what were once coastal plains. The underlying rocks are amongst the oldest on earth, formed in the Archaean period more than 2400 million years ago. Indigenous significance This is a sacred place, home to Indigenous Australians for tens of thousands of years. Ngarda-Ngarlie people say ancestral beings created the land during the Dreamtime, and the spirits of Ngkurr, Bardi and Gardi continue to live in the area. They have left their mark in features like the Marntawarrura, or 'black hills,' said to be stained from the blood of the creative beings.' back

Constant Mews, Explainer: what Western civilization owes to Islamic cultures, ' Algebra, alchemy, artichoke, alcohol, and apricot all derive from Arabic words which came to the West during the age of Crusades. Even more fundamental are the Indo-Arabic numerals (0-9), which replaced Roman numerals during the same period and revolutionised our capacity to engage in science and trade. This came about through Latin discovery of the ninth-century Persian scholar, Al-Khwarizmi (whose name gives us the word algorithm). This debt to Islamic civilisation contradicts the claim put forward by political scientist Samuel Huntington in his book The Clash of Civilizations some 25 years ago, that Islam and the West have always been diametrically opposed. ' back

Debugging - Wikipedia, Debugging - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'Debugging is the process of finding and resolving defects or problems within the program that prevent correct operation of computer software or a system.' back

Erin Blakemore, Colorful, fantastical and divine: How real and imaginary animals reveal Christian faith in the Middle Ages, ' Animals don’t just stalk through jungles or soar through the air. They inhabit the human imagination, too. And in medieval times, they shaped how humans thought of their relationships to God. Bestiaries — books that described real and imaginary animals — were ornate, illuminated manuscripts full of information on a variety of beasts, accompanied by descriptions of their moral significance within Christianity. “Book of Beasts: The Bestiary in the Medieval World,” at the J. Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles, dives into those tomes. It reveals how human relationships with fantastical and real-life creatures have — and haven’t — changed over the centuries.' back

Gregory J. Chaitin, Randomness and Mathematical Proof, 'Although randomness can be precisely defined and can even be measured, a given number cannot be proved to be random. This enigma establishes a limit to what is possible in mathematics.'
Scientific American 232, No. 5 (May 1975), pp. 47-52 back

Gurrumul (film) - Wikipedia, Gurrumul (film) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedis, ' Gurrumul is a 2018 Australian documentary film about the life of Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu. . . . Celebrated by audiences at home and abroad, indigenous artist Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu was one of the most important and acclaimed voices to ever come out of Australia. Blind from birth, he found purpose and meaning through songs and music inspired by his community and country on Elcho Island in far North East Arnhem Land. Living a traditional Yolngu life, his breakthrough album Gurrumul brought him to a crossroads as audiences and artists around the world began to embrace his music.' back

Isabel Oakeshott & Glen Owen, Trump axed deal to spite Obama. How the Bitish ambassador called the President's action 'diplomatic vandalism fueled by 'personality reasons' - as revealed in more explosive cables that has sparked free speech row while Iran tensions mount, ' Donald Trump abandoned the Iran nuclear deal as an act of ‘diplomatic vandalism’ to spite his predecessor Barack Obama, Britain’s Ambassador to Washington wrote in a bombshell memo to Downing Street. . . . The new revelation comes after an extraordinary row over the freedom of the press blew up this weekend, with Mr Johnson and leadership rival Jeremy Hunt leading the condemnation of Scotland Yard over its threats to prosecute this newspaper.' back

J. Paul Getty Museum, Bookof Beast: The Bestiary in the Medieval World, 'Animals tumble, soar, and race through the pages of the bestiary, a popular type of medieval book describing the beasts of the world. Abounding with vibrant and fascinating images, the bestiary brought real and fantastical creatures to life for readers. So cherished were these vividly imagined beasts, they often “escaped” from manuscripts to inhabit other art works made during the medieval period, and even up to the present day.' back

Josh Taylor, Quantum leap from Australian research promises super-fast computing power. , ' An Australian research team led by the renowned quantum physicist Prof Michelle Simmons has announced a major breakthrough in quantum computing, which researchers hope could lead to much greater computing power within a decade. Simmons, a former Australian of the Year, and her team at the University of New South Wales announced in a paper published in Nature journal on Thursday that they have been able to achieve the first two-qubit gate between atom qubits in silicon, allowing them to communicate with each other at a 200 times faster rate than previously achieved at 0.8 nanoseconds.' back

Kirchoff's law of thermal radiation - Wikipedia, Kirchoff's law of thermal radiation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'Kirchhoff's law states that: For a body of any arbitrary material, emitting and absorbing thermal electromagnetic radiation at every wavelength in thermodynamic equilibrium, the ratio of its emissive power to its dimensionless coefficient of absorption is equal to a universal function only of radiative wavelength and temperature, the perfect black-body emissive power. back

Lesley Russell, Five tis to get the governments started on real health reform, 'Since the election, the Turnbull government has received a great deal of advice on how to counter the pervasive public scepticism about its ongoing commitment to the universality of Medicare. While the impacts of the so-called Mediscare campaign, the Medicare rebate freeze and the “zombie” policies left over from the 2014-15 budget have driven these calls for Coalition action, the real issue is that the previous Abbott-Turnbull government had no health policy agenda, other than budget cuts and the covert exploration of privatisation and competition in the delivery of health-care services.' back

Lord Byron, She Walks in Beauty, She Walks in Beauty
George Gordon Byron - 1788-1824

I.
She walks in beauty, like the night
Of cloudless climes and starry skies;
And all that's best of dark and bright
Meet in her aspect and her eyes:
Thus mellowed to that tender light
Which heaven to gaudy day denies.

II.
One shade the more, one ray the less,
Had half impaired the nameless grace
Which waves in every raven tress,
Or softly lightens o'er her face;
Where thoughts serenely sweet express
How pure, how dear their dwelling place.

III.
And on that cheek, and o'er that brow,
So soft, so calm, yet eloquent,
The smiles that win, the tints that glow,
But tell of days in goodness spent,
A mind at peace with all below,
A heart whose love is innocent!

back

Mark Joseph Stern, Carter's Quiet Revolution, ' It’s hard to overstate just how uniform the federal judiciary was as Carter took office. Less than 2 percent of Gerald Ford’s nominees had been women and less than 10 percent nonwhite. Before that, less than 1 percent of Richard Nixon’s nominees had been women and 4 percent nonwhite. For Carter, ensuring that 15 percent of his nominees were women and 22 percent nonwhite was not just a dramatic change—he had to overcome institutional obstacles, racism, and sexism to make it happen.' back

Massimo Fagioli, Reform or Dismantle, ' One of the effects of the sex-abuse crisis is the current moment of institutional iconoclasm—the temptation to get rid of the institutional element of the Catholic Church. The failures of the church’s institutions are now on full display, even more so than after the revelations of the Spotlight investigation. It is hypocritical, however, to interpret the abuse crisis as a clerical abuse crisis rather than a Catholic abuse crisis. back

Minkowski space - Wikipedia, Minkowski space - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'In mathematical physics, Minkowski space or Minkowski spacetime is a combination of Euclidean space and time into a four-dimensional manifold where the spacetime interval between any two events is independent of the inertial frame of reference in which they are recorded. Although initially developed by mathematician Hermann Minkowski for Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism, the mathematical structure of Minkowski spacetime was shown to be an immediate consequence of the postulates of special relativity.' back

Nick O'Malley, How Germany closed its coal industry without sacking a single miner, ' While Australia continues to open new coal mines, Germany is in the midst of closing down its entire coal sector. The last of the country’s black coal mines was decommissioned last year, the victim of the economic reality that nations like Australia could dig the stuff up cheaper than the Germans could. Now Germany is beginning the process of ending its brown coal industry and shutting down the energy plants that it feeds so it can meet its agreements under the Paris climate accord. Some see Germany’s audacious decommissioning of the industry as a model from which Australian has much to learn. Others believe that Australia is simply politically and culturally ill-equipped to do so. back

Planck's Law - Wikipedia, Planck's Law - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 'In physics, Planck's law describes the spectral radiance of electromagnetic radiation at all wavelengths from a black body at temperature T. As a function of frequency ν. back

Renaud Joannes-Boyau, Ian Moffat, Justin W. Adams & Luca Fiorenza, Teeth 'time capsule reveals that 2 million yars ago, early humans breastfed for up to 6 years, ' Humans’ distant ancestor Australopithecus africanus had a unique approach to raising their young, as shown in our new research published today in Nature. Geochemical analysis of four teeth shows they exclusively breastfed infants for about 6-9 months, before supplementing breast milk with varying amounts of solid food until they were 5-6 years old. The balance between milk and solid food in this period varied cyclically, probably in response to seasonal changes in food availability.' back

Rudolf Nureyev - Wikipedia, Rudolf Nureyev - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, back

The White Crow - Wikipedia, The White Crow - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, ' The White Crow is a 2018 British film written by David Hare and directed by Ralph Fiennes starring Oleg Ivenko as the ballet dancer Rudolf Nureyev.[1] It is inspired by the book Rudolf Nureyev: The Life by Julie Kavanagh.' back

UNDP, Arab Human Development Report 2002: Creating opportunites for future generations, Jacket: '... the report concludes that Arab countries need to embark on rebuilding their societies on the basis of: Full respect for human rights and freedoms as the cornerstone of good governance, leading to human development; the complete empowerment of Arab women, taking advantage of all opportunities to build their capabilities and to enable them to exercise those capabilities to the full; [and] the consolidation of knowledge acquisition and its effective utilisation. As a key driver of progress, knowledge must be brought to bear efficiently and productively in all aspects of society, with the goal of enhancing human well being across the region. back

William James, Psychology: The Briefer Course, 'The definition of Psychology may best be given in the words of Professor Ladd, as the description and explanation of states of consciousness as such. By state of consciousness are meant such things s sensations desires emotions cognitions, reasonings, decisions, volitions, and the like. Their 'explanation' must of course include the study of their causes, conditions, and immediate consequences, as far as these can be ascertained. back

Zsuzsanna Csereklyei, Wind and Solar cut rather than boost Australia's wholesale electricity prices, Colleagues Songze Qu and Tihomir Ancev from the University of Sydney and I have examined the contribution of each type of generator to wholesale prices, half hour by half hour over the eight years between November 1, 2010 and June 30, 2018. We find that, rather than pushing prices up, each extra gigawatt of dispatched wind generation cuts the wholesale electricity price by about A$11 per megawatt hour at the time of generation, while each extra gigawatt of utility-scale solar cuts it A$14 per megawatt hour.' back

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